Oxygenation

Edit Answers
1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394041424344454647484950515253545556575859606162636465666768697071727374757677787980818283848586878889909192
Across
  1. 3. type of drug phenobarbital is
  2. 5. this is highly responsive to increased blood CO₂ and H⁺ levels
  3. 6. term used to describe the thickness of blood—if increased, CO₂ decreases (i.e. dehydration)
  4. 8. a lipoprotein which reduces surface tension of alveolar fluid – reduced in premies
  5. 10. low tissue oxygenation—causes cellular injury or death
  6. 13. mimic sighing/yawning—can be flow-oriented or volume-oriented
  7. 16. the medulla and pons control this
  8. 17. four compenents are ventilation, alveolar-capillary gas exchange, transport of oxygen, movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide
  9. 18. type of pitch during an upper airway obstruction (i.e. snoring)
  10. 21. these depress the respiratory centers of the brain – includes morphine and Demerol
  11. 23. tubes inserted by anesthesiologist, primary care provider, CRNA, or RT—use laryngoscope
  12. 24. handheld device with a hard plastic mouthpiece at one end and a perforated cover at the other end
  13. 25. type of tip of the catheter which is less irritating but less effective
  14. 27. nasal flaring, labored, increased HR, cyanosis, and diaphoresis
  15. 31. the base of fingernails become swollen—more than 180 degree
  16. 32. shallow breaths interrupted by apnea (CNS disorders)
  17. 33. decrease in partial pressure of oxygen and changes in pH affect the bond of oxygen and this
  18. 34. last part of a respiratory assessment—listen
  19. 36. 45mmHg in arteries and 40mmHg in veins
  20. 38. CO₂ has the greatest effect on stimulating these – more so than O₂ or H⁺
  21. 41. airways which include oro/nasopharyngeal, endotracheal and tracheostomy
  22. 42. 30% of CO₂ transported as this
  23. 44. the capacity of air brought in after a quiet respiration – TV + IRV 3600mL
  24. 49. clients who have taken sedatives, in metabolic alkalosis, or have increased intracranial pressure have this pattern
  25. 50. medications like glucocorticoids—decrease edema—use this after a bronchodilator
  26. 52. very deep to very shallow with short periods of apnea (ICP or OD)
  27. 54. pleural ______ exists when there is excessive fluid in the pleural space
  28. 57. the majority (65%) of CO₂ is transported as this waste product inside RBCs
  29. 58. type of face mask to deliver 40-60% oxygen at 5-8L/min
  30. 59. movement of air in and out of the lungs
  31. 62. these muscles include anterior neck muscles, intercostals, and abdomen
  32. 63. this type of pressure always equalizes with atmospheric pressure
  33. 65. beta-2 adrenergic agonists—treat bronchospasm—rapid effect and short duration
  34. 66. cellular metabolism produces this gas
  35. 68. after percussion—vigorous quiverings with hands
  36. 69. asbestos workers get this
  37. 71. harsh, high-pitched sound heard during inspiration and indicates a lower respiratory obstruction
  38. 72. medication which reduce bronchospasm—administered orally, intravenously or preferably inhalation
  39. 76. this part of the respiratory system incules the mouth, nose, pharynx, and larynx
  40. 81. parietal and visceral layers line the lungs to provide serous lubricating fluid
  41. 82. help break up mucus—guanifenesin
  42. 86. sandstone blasters and potters have this lung disease
  43. 87. low levels of O₂ in the blood—increased HR is a response
  44. 89. medication causing bronchoconstriction, mucous production, and edema
  45. 90. this is an essential quality to exhale and pertains to the ability of the lungs to return to their deflated state
  46. 91. humidifier + medication
  47. 92. sterile technique recommended to clear secretions of aspiration through a catheter
Down
  1. 1. bronchodilator—positioning—percussion—vibration—coughing/suctioning
  2. 2. suction device into the oral cavity
  3. 4. coal miners get this
  4. 7. noninvasive positive pressure ventilation mask which delivers continuous positive pressure
  5. 9. this type of drugs include diazepam, lorazepam, midazolam
  6. 11. type of pitch during a lower airway obstruction
  7. 12. this is open during breathing and closed during swallowing
  8. 14. another name for RBCs
  9. 15. beta-adrenergic blocking agent reducing workload of heart—risky for asthma or COPD patients
  10. 16. noninvasive positive pressure ventilation mask which delivers a lower pressure during exhalation than inhalation
  11. 19. accumulation of blood in pleural space
  12. 20. type of tip of catheter used to suction thick mucous plugs
  13. 22. IRV + TV + ERV 4800mL
  14. 26. the expansibility or stretchability of the lungs
  15. 27. beta-adrenergic stimulating agent to increase CO
  16. 28. term for an open airway
  17. 29. percentage of blood that are erythrocytes—men 40-54% women 37-50%
  18. 30. suppress inflammatory response—preventative therapy
  19. 35. desensitized chemoreceptors which detect CO₂ could be caused by this disease – decreased O₂ levels are the main drive to breathe
  20. 37. oxygen not bound to hemoglobin is dissolved in this as PaO₂
  21. 39. collapse of a portion of the lung
  22. 40. first part of a respiratory assessment—observation
  23. 43. decreased levels of this in the carotid bodies and below aortic arch
  24. 45. catheter placed in trachea and needs to be humidified at anything greater than 1L/min—can go up to 15-20L/min
  25. 46. this type of epithelium is a thin layer in the trachea and bronchi
  26. 47. bluish skin, nail beds, or lips—5g unoxygenated Hgb/100mL of blood + dilated caps
  27. 48. this is a response to stress and occurs when SNS is stimulated—light-headed/numbness/tingling
  28. 51. type of mask to deliver 4-10L/min and has varying % of oxygen
  29. 53. this type of volume is approximately 500mL of air and is inspired and expired with each breath.
  30. 55. ERV + RV 2400mL
  31. 56. oxygen and carbon dioxide move across alveoli and pulmonary capillaries this way
  32. 60. type of breathing during metabolic acidosis
  33. 61. second part of a respiratory assessment—feel
  34. 64. cough suppressant prescribed to prescribed to help sleep
  35. 67. this type of pressure is always slightly negative in relation to atmospheric pressure
  36. 68. this nerve is part of the cough reflex and sends a signal to the medulla
  37. 70. accumulation of air in the pleural space
  38. 73. 5% of CO₂ is transported in the plasma and as this (hint: CO₂ + H₂O)
  39. 74. type of breath sounds which include crackles/rales, gurgles/rhonchi, friction rub, or wheezing
  40. 75. first system as part of the process of oxygenation
  41. 77. 100mmHg in arteries and 60mmHg in veins
  42. 78. ERV + TV + IRV + RV 6000mL
  43. 79. type of rebreather mask to deliver 40-60% oxygen at 6-10L/min
  44. 80. this tissue is richly supplied to the naso/oro pharynx to trap and destroy pathogens
  45. 83. 1-2 minutes of cupped hands clapping over affected lung segment
  46. 84. a state of decreased blood flow and oxygenation to tissues
  47. 85. this part of the respiratory system includes the trachea, lungs, bronchi, bronichioles, alveoli, and pleura
  48. 88. type of face mask used when a patient can’t tolerate a mask—30-50% oxygen at 4-8L/min
  49. 91. type of mask to deliver 95-100% oxygen at 10-15L/min