Across
- 5. Powerful maritime kingdom in Southeast Asia that controlled trade through the Malacca Strait.
- 6. The blending of different cultural or religious traditions into something new.
- 7. “Floating gardens” used by the Aztecs to farm on lake beds.
- 8. Powerful religious institution that influenced nearly every part of life in medieval Europe.
- 13. A test used in imperial China to select officials based on knowledge of Confucian texts.
- 14. Muslim empire led by former enslaved soldiers, based in Egypt and known for stopping the Mongols.
- 16. Muslim government that ruled parts of India from the 1200s to the 1500s.
- 18. West African empire that grew wealthy from gold-salt trade and controlled key trade routes.
- 19. Ocean Trade Route Sea-based network that connected East Africa, the Middle East, India, and Southeast Asia.
- 21. Ritual practiced by the Aztecs to honor the gods, often involving prisoners of war.
- 22. Massive temple complex built by the Khmer Empire, originally dedicated to the Hindu god Vishnu
- 23. Mystical branch of Islam focused on spiritual connection with God, often through music, dance and poetry.
- 25. Southeast Asian empire in present-day Cambodia, known for its advanced architecture and Hindu-Buddhist culture.
- 29. Ethiopia Christian kingdom in East Africa known for trade and stone churches carved into rock.
- 30. Economic system where peasants worked the land for a lord in exchange for protection.
- 33. Delicate, white ceramic material highly valued in trade, often called “china.”
- 35. Southern African kingdom known for its stone architecture and role in gold trade.
- 38. Muslim explorer who traveled over 70,000 miles through Africa, Asia, and the Middle East.
- 39. Series of religious wars where European Christians tried to take the Holy Land from Muslims.
- 40. A fast-ripening crop from Vietnam that boosted food production in China.
- 42. Mali ruler who went on a famous pilgrimage to Mecca, spreading wealth and Islamic culture.
- 43. Chinese philosophy focused on respect, education, and moral behavior in relationships.
- 44. South American empire based in the Andes, known for its vast territory and engineering skills.
- 45. Venetian traveler whose writings about China increased European interest in Asia.
- 47. Inca labor tax that required citizens to work on state projects like roads or farms.
- 48. Religion from India that spread to China, teaching the path to enlightenment and an end to suffering.
- 50. Form of payment in goods or labor demanded by empires like the Aztecs from conquered peoples.
- 51. Ruthless and brilliant Mongol leader who united the tribes and expanded their empire.
- 52. Seasonal winds in the Indian Ocean that helped traders sail between Africa and Asia.
- 53. of Exchange / Paper Early form of credit or paper money used to support trade across long distances.
- 54. Famous center of learning in Baghdad where scholars translated and preserved ancient texts.
Down
- 1. Political and social system where land was exchanged for loyalty and military service.
- 2. Trade Route Land-based network that connected West Africa to North Africa through desert trade.
- 3. Massive waterway connecting northern and southern China, improving trade and transportation.
- 4. Chinese invention made of saltpeter, sulfur, and charcoal that changed warfare forever.
- 9. Innovation that made desert trade possible by helping riders control their animals more effectively
- 10. Confucian value emphasizing respect and obedience toward one’s parents and ancestors.
- 11. Turkish Muslim empire that took control of much of the Middle East before the Mongols arrived.
- 12. Chinese belief that a ruler's right to govern comes from divine approval.
- 15. Region in medieval Spain under Muslim rule, known for cultural and scientific achievements.
- 17. Chinese dynasty (960–1279) known for major advances in technology, trade, and art.
- 20. Ancient trade routes connecting China to the West, passing through cities like Kashgar and Samarkand.
- 24. Deadly disease that spread through Europe in the 1300s, killing millions and weakening feudalism.
- 26. Ming dynasty admiral who led massive voyages across the Indian Ocean to promote Chinese influence.
- 27. Extensive network built by the Inca to connect their mountainous empire.
- 28. Triangular sails that allowed ships to sail against the wind, key to Indian Ocean trade.
- 31. Powerful Mesoamerican empire centered in Tenochtitlán, known for warfare and religious rituals.
- 32. Narrow waterway between Malaysia and Indonesia, crucial for controlling trade between East and West.
- 34. Knotted strings used by the Inca to record information like taxes and census data.
- 36. Islamic empire (750–1258) with its capital in Baghdad, known for its golden age of culture and science.
- 37. Hindu devotional movement that emphasized love for a personal god over rituals or caste.
- 41. Nomadic empire that conquered much of Asia and created history’s largest land empire.
- 46. Period of renewed interest in art, learning, and classical ideas that began in Italy around 1300.
- 49. Navigational tool used by Muslim sailors to determine their position by the stars.