Periodic Table and Element Structure Vocab

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  1. 2. Positive, negative, or neutral; can be present on subatomic particles, atoms, or molecules; causes the object to interact with other charged particles
  2. 3. The distance from the nucleus of an atom to the outermost electron orbital, which is usually measured in picometers or angstroms
  3. 4. The specific regions around the nucleus of an atom in which electrons travel
  4. 8. A table in which all the known elements are arranged by properties and are represented by one or two letters, known as chemical symbols
  5. 11. The tiny, very dense, positively charged regions in the center of an atom made up of protons and neutrons.
  6. 12. Elements that have properties of both metals and nonmetals; sometimes referred to as semiconductors
  7. 13. A positively-charged subatomic particle of the nucleus of an atom and contributes to the mass of the atom
  8. 16. The number of protons found in the nucleus of an element
  9. 19. All of the area inside an atom surrounding the nucleus where electrons are found.
  10. 20. The tendency of an atom or group of atoms to attract electrons
  11. 21. The columns on a periodic table that arrange the elements by the number of electrons that are in the outside shell
  12. 22. Any of the elements found in Group 8A of the periodic table; each has the s and p sublevels of its outermost energy level filled
Down
  1. 1. The Group B elements (Groups 3–12) found on the periodic table; also known as transition metals
  2. 5. A model that shows the negatively charged electrons of the atom traveling around the positively charged nucleus in circular orbits, much like the structure of the solar system
  3. 6. The weighted average mass of an element based on the abundances of the naturally occurring isotopes of that element
  4. 7. The electrons in the outermost energy level of an atom that influence how an element will react with other substances
  5. 9. A negatively-charged subatomic particle of the electron cloud; involved in the formation of chemical bonds.
  6. 10. Protons, neutrons, and electrons
  7. 14. The radius of an atom's ion, which tends to increase when an electron is gained and decrease when an electron is lost
  8. 15. Elements that are typically solid, shiny, malleable, and good conductors of heat and electricity
  9. 17. Elements that are typically not shiny, are usually gases or brittle solids, are not malleable, and are poor conductors of heat and electricity
  10. 18. The rows in a periodic table that classify the elements by the number of atomic shells