Pharmacology: Penicillins, Adverse Effects and Resistance

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Across
  1. 4. Penicillins AE: (Two word blank) (ampicillin, amoxicillin)
  2. 6. Penicillins PK, Oral absorption: Absorption (blankbyblank) (except amoxicillin = high oral bioavailability)
  3. 9. Penicillins AE: (two word blank) (eg, vaginal candidiasis)
  4. 11. Penicillins AE: (blank) (epileptic patients at risk)
  5. 15. Penicillins PK Excretion: (blankandblank) = renal & biliary excretion
  6. 16. Penicillins Adverse Effects: Hypersensitivity, (Two word blank) = major antigenic determinant, ~ 5 % patients claim to have some reaction (maculopapular rash to anaphylaxis)
  7. 19. Penicillins AE: (three word blank) (penicillin G, V)
  8. 21. Penicillins PK Distribution: Nafcillin, ampicillin & piperacillin achieve high levels in (blank)
  9. 22. Penicillins PK, Oral absorption: (Blank) = erratic (not suitable for oral admin.)
  10. 23. Penicillins pharmacokinetics: (Two word blank) ~30-60 min (except repository penicillins)
  11. 24. Penicillins PK Excretion: Most excreted primarily via kidney (beware in (two word blank))
Down
  1. 1. Penicillins AE: (Two word blank) (ampicillin),
  2. 2. Penicillins AE: (blank) (nafcillin)
  3. 3. Penicillins AE: (two word blank) (ticarcillin)
  4. 5. Penicillins AE: (blank) (oxacillin)
  5. 7. Penicillins AE: (Two word blank) (particularly methicillin)
  6. 8. Penicillins PK: CSF penetration = poor (blankinblank)
  7. 10. Penicillins AE: GI disturbances (eg, blank)
  8. 12. Penicillins AE: (Two word blank) reactions between beta-lactam antibiotics can occur
  9. 13. Penicillin resistance: One of 4 general mechanisms (primary or acquired): 1. Inactivation by beta-lactamase or 2. Modification of target PBPs 3. Impaired penetration of drug to target PBPs 4. Increased (blank)
  10. 14. Penicillins PK Distribution: (Blank) achieve therapeutic levels in pleural, pericardial, peritoneal, synovial fluids & urine
  11. 17. Penicillins PK Distribution: Levels in prostate & eye = (blank)
  12. 18. (Blank) = altered target PBPs (low affinity for Beta-lactam antibiotics)
  13. 20. Penicillins PK Excretion: Nafcillin = exception as primarily (blankinblank)