Across
- 2. testing and verifying everything. According to the behaviorists, what cannot be verified is not scientific.
- 4. Brecht, said “The worst illiterate is the political illiterate, he doesn’t hear, doesn’t speak, nor participates in the political events. He doesn’t know the cost of life, the price of the bean, of the fish, of the flour, of the rent, of the shoes and of the medicine, all depends on political decisions. The political illiterate is so stupid that he is proud and swells his chest saying that he hates politics. The imbecile doesn’t know that, from his political ignorance is born the prostitute, the abandoned child, and the worst thieves of all, the bad politician, corrupted and flunky of the national and multinational companies.”
- 6. and inclusiveness, mean that all the members of the society, especially the most vulnerable ones or the grassroots level, must be taken into consideration in policy-making.
- 10. Political Science should not be separated from various other social sciences like history, sociology and economics, etc.
- 12. approach, this approach firmly believes that values cannot be separated from the study of politics and political system. Therefore, its main concern is to judge what is good or bad in any political society.
- 17. approach, This approach is concerned with the legal process, legal bodies or institutions, justice and independence of judiciary.
- 19. approach, this approach is concerned with the study of formal structures and institutions like legislature, executive, judiciary, political parties, etc.
- 20. believes that there are certain uniformities in political behavior which can be expressed in generalizations or theories in order to explain and predict political phenomena.
- 22. as an indicator of good governance, means that people are open to information regarding decision-making process and the implementation of the same.
- 23. It is based on the principle that every person or group is responsible for their actions most especially when their acts affect public interest.
- 26. came from the Latin verb “gubernare,” or more originally from the Greek word “kubernaein,” which means “to steer.”
- 28. also means that actors and structures of governance easily give genuine expression to the will or desire of the people.
- 29. believe that to do objective research one has to be value free.
- 30. put emphasis on the use of those research tools and methods which generate valid, reliable and comparative data.
Down
- 1. means active involvement of all affected and interested parties in the decision-making process.
- 3. approach, as the name of this approach is related to history, it emphasizes on the study of history of every political reality to analyze any situation.
- 5. collecting data, the researcher should measure and quantify those data.
- 7. research in Political Science must be systematic. Theory and research should go together.
- 8. laswell, a political scientist and author of a major study of the distributive consequences of political activity, gave his book the title, Politics--Who Gets What, When, and How.
- 9. consists of social relations involving authority or power, the regulation of political units, and the methods used to formulate and apply social policy.
- 11. approach, This approach shifts its emphasis from the study of the state and government to the day-today problems, activities and behavior of individuals and groups.
- 13. and Gill, says "Politics is the way in which we understand and order our social affairs, and acquire greater control over the situation"
- 14. science, is a classical discipline that deals with the study of political phenomena.
- 15. says that "Politics is the strategy for maintaining cooperation among people with different needs and ideals in life, or for resolving the conflict within the group, whether this is a family, a tribe, a village or a nation-state"
- 16. Governance is consensus-oriented when decisions are made after taking into consideration the different viewpoints of the actors of the society.
- 18. Science, believes that the study of Political Science should be verified by evidence.
- 21. of law, It also demands that the government acts within the limits of the powers and functions prescribed by the law. The absence of rule of law is anarchy.
- 24. approach, to the study of political science is a combination of views on and orientations to politics in philosophical, ethical and institutional terms.
- 25. and efficiency, Good governance requires that the institutions, processes, and actors could deliver and meet the necessities of the society in a way that available resources are utilized well.
- 27. governance, is understood through its eight indicators or characteristics: (1) Participatory; (2) Rule of Law; (3) Effective and Efficient; (4) Transparent; (5) Responsive; (6) Equitable and Inclusive; (7) Consensus-Oriented; and (8) Accountability.