Photosynthesis

3. The “solar panel” of the cell where sunlight is captured and turned into energy.
4. A molecule that carries high‑energy electrons from the light reactions to the Calvin cycle.
6. The cycle in the stroma that uses ATP and NADPH to build sugars.
8. The protein complex that starts the process by splitting water and exciting electrons.
11. The movement of protons through a membrane that powers ATP production.
12. A series of proteins that pass electrons along, pumping protons to build energy.

1. The step where carbon dioxide is captured and attached to organic molecules.
2. The liquid “soup” around the thylakoids where the Calvin cycle takes place.
5. The protein complex that re‑energizes electrons to help form NADPH.
7. The splitting of water molecules by light, releasing oxygen as a by‑product.
9. A stack of thylakoids, like a pile of coins.
10. A tiny green disc inside the chloroplast where the light reactions happen.