Across
- 3. the total dry weight of organic material
- 4. the factor that limits the rate of a reaction
- 5. the folding of the inner mitochondrial membrane into the matrix, thus increasing the total surface area of the inner membrane
- 9. an organism that makes its own food from inorganic substances, using light or chemical energy; includes green plants, algae, and certain bacteria
- 14. a molecule used to convey carbon atoms to the Krebs cycle
- 17. the stack of thylakoid membranes in a chloroplast that contain chlorophyll
- 18. an organism that makes its own food from inorganic substances, using light as its primary energy source
- 19. an organism that requires oxygen to survive and reproduce
- 21. a gel-like fluid in mitochondria, where the Krebs cycle (citric acid cycle) of cellular respiration takes place
- 22. an organelle within the cytoplasm that is the site of aerobic cellular respiration, which releases energy for the cell
- 23. a three-carbon molecule that is the end product of glycolysis
- 24. (stage 1) it requires light energy that is absorbed by chlorophyll to split water molecules to produce oxygen, hydrogen ions, and ATP
- 25. the converstion of atmospheric carbon from carbon dioxide into carbohydrates in the stroma of chloroplasts in eukaryotic cells
- 26. an organism that cannot make its own organic compounds from simple inorganic material; it depends on other organisms for nutrients and energy requirements
- 28. a biochemical pathways that requires oxygen and takes place in the mitochondria as part of cellular respiration; acetyl CoA, the product of glycolysis, is broken down to produce carbon dioxide, water, and energy in the form of ATP
- 29. a plant that uses CO2 to make a C4 storage compound which moves from the mesophyll cells to the bundle sheat cells and a lower O2 concentration, thereby reducing photorespiration
- 30. the process in which plants bind with oxygen instead of carbon dioxide in high oxygen concentrations
- 31. a biochemical pathway in which sugar molecules are produced from carbon dioxide
- 32. plant a plant that shuts its stomata during the day and fixes carbon during the night when its stomata are open; an adaptation to hot dry envirnments and to reduce photorespiration and increase photosynthesis
Down
- 1. a molecule that absorbs certain wavelengths of liight and reflects all others
- 2. a form of anaerobic respiration that occurs in animal cells and some anaerobic bacteria; glucose is converted into lactic acid
- 6. an organism that does not require oxygen to survive and reproduce
- 7. the interconnected, folded membrane within a chloroplast
- 8. a plant that directly uses CO2 as an input for the first stage of the Calvin cycle
- 10. a form of anaerobic respiration; glucose is converted to ethanol
- 11. (stage 2) through a series of reactions, carbon dioxide, hydrogen ions, and ATP produce carbohydrate
- 12. photosynthetic cells arranged tightly packed around the vein of a leaf (deeper in leaf tissue than mesophyll cells)
- 13. the jelly-like, semifluid interior of a chloroplast
- 15. a family of membrane-bound proteins that carry out electron transport; located in the mitochondrial inner membrane and in the chloroplast thylakoid membrane
- 16. an organism that makes its own food from inorganic subtances, using chemicals as the primary energy source
- 20. a fuel that has used biomass as its original source
- 27. the photosynthetic cells of two types, palisade and spongy, that occupy the inside of the leaf between the two outer epidermal layers