Physical science Chapter 4

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  1. 1. Any elements in Groups 3-12 of the periodic table, typically having one or two valence electrons, which it easily loses, resulting in cations with charges of 1+ or 2+
  2. 4. An element in Group 18 of the periodic table having eight valence electrons that fill the other energy level with a full outer energy level it is inert
  3. 5. The distance from the center of an atoms nucleus to its outer most energy level
  4. 7. The law that states that the priorities of the elements vary with their atomic numbers in a regular, repeated pattern
  5. 10. A column of elements in the periodic table having similar valence electron arrangement, resulting in similar chemical properties; also known as a group
  6. 13. A representation of an atom consisting of its chemical symbol with surrounding dots representing its valence electron
  7. 15. An element in Group 1 of the periodic table, having one valence electron that it can easily form a 1+ cation, making it extremely reactive; the most reactive of all the metals
  8. 16. see Family
  9. 17. An element in Group 17 of the Periodic table; having seven valence electrons. It easily gains an electron, forming a 1- anion, which causes it to be highly reactive
  10. 18. An element with characteristics between those of metals and nonmetals; also called semi-conductors; located on the left end of the periodic table
  11. 19. An element in Group 2 of the periodic table, having two valence electrons that it tends to lose easily to become 2+ cation, making it very reactive
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  1. 2. An element that typically has four or more valence electrons and that does not exhibit the general properties of metals; located on the right side of the periodic table
  2. 3. A table of the chemical elements arranged to display their periodic properties in relation to their atomic numbers
  3. 6. (1) a row in the periodic table of the elements; also called a series; (2) The time interval (T) for one complete cycle of a periodic motion
  4. 8. Any of groups 13-16 in the periodic table; so named because they contain metals, nonmetals, and Metalloids. These groups are often named after the first element in the family
  5. 9. Any electron in the outer most energy level of a neutral atom. Unpaired valence electrons are usually involved in chemical bonding
  6. 11. An element that is typically dense, solid, ductile, malleable, highly conductive, and chemically reactive, especially in the presense of nonmetal elements. Metals are located on the left end of the periodic table
  7. 12. An element from either of two rows usually placed below the periodic table; a member of either the lanthonide or actonide series. It typically has two valence electrons
  8. 14. A measure of an elements ability to attach and hold electrons when bonded to other atoms