Across
- 2. A device that generates an intense beam of coherent monochromatic light (or other electromagnetic radiation) by stimulated emission of photons from excited atoms or molecules.
- 3. The distance between successive crests of a wave, especially points in a sound wave or electromagnetic wave.
- 5. A stable subatomic particle with a charge of negative electricity, found in all atoms and acting as the primary carrier of electricity in solids.
- 7. The property of zero electrical resistance in some substances, usually at very low absolute temperatures.
- 9. A flat surface on which a straight line joining any two points on it would wholly lie.
- 11. The process by which a beam of light or other system of waves is spread out as a result of passing through a narrow aperture or across an edge, typically accompanied by interference between the wave forms produced.
- 12. The separation of white light into colours or of any radiation according to wavelength.
- 13. An electromotive force or potential difference expressed in volts.
- 14. The quantity of motion of a moving body, measured as a product of its mass and velocity.
- 17. The rate of emission of radiation, visible or otherwise.
- 23. The measure of magnetization that a material obtains in response to an applied magnetic field.
- 24. A statement that the values of two mathematical expressions are equal.
- 26. The basic unit of information in a quantum computer.
- 27. A material in which electric current does not flow freely.
- 28. A form of carbon consisting of planar sheets which are one atom thick, with the atoms arranged in a honeycomb-shaped lattice.
- 30. The value obtained by dividing the sum of several quantities by their number; an average.
Down
- 1. The rate at which something occurs over a particular period of time or in a given sample.
- 4. The conversion of matter into energy, especially the mutual conversion of a particle and an antiparticle into electromagnetic radiation.
- 6. The emission of energy as electromagnetic waves or as moving subatomic particles, especially high-energy particles which cause ionization.
- 8. The intrinsic angular momentum of a subatomic particle.
- 10. The action of increasing the proportion of a particular isotope in an element, especially that of the isotope U-235 in uranium so as to make it suitable for use in a nuclear reactor or weapon.
- 15. The curved path of a celestial object or spacecraft round a star, planet, or moon, especially a periodic revolution.
- 16. The rate of change of velocity per unit of time.
- 18. The branch of science dealing with motion and forces producing motion.
- 19. Any of a number of subatomic particles carrying a fractional electric charge, postulated as building blocks of the hadrons.
- 20. The condition in which an object or system is subjected to an oscillating force having a frequency close to its own natural frequency.
- 21. An ionized gas consisting of positive ions and free electrons in proportions resulting in more or less no overall electric charge.
- 22. A nuclear reaction in which a heavy nucleus splits spontaneously or on impact with another particle, with the release of energy.
- 24. A regular shape, traced by a point moving in a plane so that the sum of its distances from two other points (the foci) is constant.
- 25. A flow of electricity which results from the ordered directional movement of electrically charged particles.
- 29. The dependence of various physical phenomena on relative motion of the observer and the observed objects, especially regarding the nature and behaviour of light, space, time, and gravity.