Across
- 4. Movement of dissolved substances from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration
- 6. Chemical product of photosynthesis
- 7. Process of converting light energy to chemical energy and storing it in the bonds of sugar
- 10. Natural or synthetic organic compound which modifies or controls one or more specific physiological processes within a plant
- 12. Phase of the cell cycle in which a cell spends the majority of its time and performs most of its normal functions in preparation for cell division
- 13. Growth of plants in response to light
- 14. Diffusion of water across a semipermeable membrane from areas of high concentration to areas of lower concentration
- 17. Specialized cells which help regulate the rate of transpiration by opening and closing the stomata
- 18. Also known as G2 phase; growth phase which allows cells to continue to carry out normal functions and continue growing
- 21. Control of the shoot tip over axillary bud outgrowth which allows a plant to grow upward more than it grows outward
- 23. Region of DNA typically found in the center of a chromosome which links two sister chromatids
- 24. Single piece of coiled DNA which contains many genes, regulatory elements and other nucleotide sequences
- 28. Ordered set of events resulting in cell growth and division into two daughter cells
- 30. Process in which cells lose water in a hypertonic solution
- 31. Solute concentration is the same on either side of the cell membrane and results in incipient plasmolysis
- 33. Compound formed as a result of glycolosis
- 34. Fourth stage of mitosis
- 35. Area in the cell where microtubules are produced
- 36. Connective, functionally supportive framework of a biological cell, tissue or organ
- 37. Metabolic pathway found in the stroma of the chloroplast in which carbon enters in the form of CO2 and leaves in the form of sugar
- 41. Organic compounds produced within the plant
- 43. Loss or evaporation of water from plant leaves through stomata
- 44. Fibers which form during mitosis and segregate chromosomes between daughter cells during cell division
Down
- 1. Second stage of mitosis
- 2. Transports chemical energy within cells for metabolism
- 3. Also known as turgidity; pressure which occurs when the water located inside the cells begins to expand, pushing on the cell membranes
- 5. Plant cell which is limp through a reduction of pressure inside the cell
- 8. Membrane which allows water molecules, but not solute molecules, to pass
- 9. Process by which a plant grows from a seed
- 11. Also known as G1 phase; phase in which the cell grows, carries out protein synthesis and performs other cellular functions
- 15. Solute concentration is greater outside of the cell than inside
- 16. Solute concentration is lower outside of the cell than inside
- 19. Condition or process of aging
- 20. Also known as S phase; phase in which the cell replicates its DNA
- 22. First embryonic leaf (leaves) of a seedling which emerge at the time of fermination
- 25. Membrane-bound organelle found in eukaryotic cells which generate most of the cell’s supply of ATP which is used as energy
- 26. Third stage of mitosis
- 27. Process by which a cell releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen
- 29. Also known as M phase; process by which new cells are created and results in two daughter nuclei, each with genetic material identical to each other and the mother cell
- 30. First stage of mitosis
- 32. Pores found on the surface of plant structures which control the exchange of gas and water
- 38. Process which occurs after mitosis where the cell splits and two daughter cells are created, each with one nucleus
- 39. Tissue produced inside the seeds of most flowering plants which surrounds the embryo and provides nutrition in the form of starch, oils and protein
- 40. One copy of a duplicated chromosome which is usually joined to the other copy by a centromere
- 42. First root of the plant which elongates during germination and forms the primary root