Plate Tectonic and Earthquake Vocabulary Review

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Across
  1. 7. the partially melted portion of the mantle below the lithosphere
  2. 8. drift the movement of Earth’s continents over time
  3. 11. molten rock stored beneath Earth’s surface
  4. 13. a phenomenon in which the strength and stiffness of a soil is reduced by earthquake shaking or other rapid loading
  5. 16. a crack or fracture in Earth’s lithosphere (usually a result of plate movement) along which movement occurs
  6. 17. the rigid, outermost layer of Earth that includes the uppermost mantle and crust
  7. 18. spreading the process by which new oceanic crust forms along a mid-ocean ridge and older oceanic crust moves away from the ridge
  8. 19. tension of parallel forces acting in opposite directions at a transform boundary
  9. 20. an instrument that measures and records ground movement and can be used to determine the distance seismic waves travel
  10. 21. the brittle, rocky, outer layer of the earth
  11. 24. vibrations caused by the sudden movement plates along a fault line causing a release of energy
  12. 25. strain exerted on a rock
  13. 27. the process that occurs when one tectonic plate moves underneath another
  14. 28. graphical illustration of seismic waves
  15. 29. the circulation of particles within a material caused by differences in thermal energy and density
Down
  1. 1. type of stress that is a squeezing force at a convergent boundary
  2. 2. a seismic scale used for measuring the intensity of an earthquake. It measures the effects of an earthquake and not the magnitude
  3. 3. a measure of the amount of energy released during an earthquake
  4. 4. a location inside Earth where seismic waves originate and plates first move along a fault
  5. 5. the location on Earth’s surface directly above the focus of an earthquake
  6. 6. name given to a supercontinent that began to break apart about 200 million years ago
  7. 9. a wave that forms when an ocean disturbance suddenly moves a large volume of water
  8. 10. theory that Earth’s surface is broken into large, rigid pieces that move with respect to each other due to convection currents in Earth’s asthenosphere
  9. 12. a smaller earthquake following the main action of a large earthquake
  10. 14. describes the magnitude of an earthquake on a scale from 1-10
  11. 15. the dense metallic center of the Earth
  12. 22. the thick middle layer of the earth
  13. 23. wave energy that travels as vibrations on and in Earth
  14. 26. type of stress that is a pulling force at a divergent boundary