Across
- 8. the layer of Earth between the crust and the core
- 9. the amount of force per unit area that is put on a given material
- 10. the liquid layer of the Earth's core that lies beneath the mantle and surrounds the inner core
- 11. the type of stress that occurs when forces act to stretch an object
- 12. states that the Earth's solid outer crust, the lithosphere, is separated into plates that move over the asthenosphere
- 15. the process by which new oceanic lithosphere is created at mid-ocean ridges as older materials are pulled away from the ridge
- 16. the type of stress that occurs when an object is squeezed
- 17. the "middle sphere," the strong, lower part of the mantle between the asthenosphere and the outer core
- 18. is a seafloor mountain system formed by plate tectonics
- 19. the region where an oceanic plate sinks down into the asthenosphere
Down
- 1. where crust is destroyed as one plate dives under another.
- 2. is the hypothesis that the Earth's continents have moved over geologic time relative to each other, thus appearing to have "drifted" across the ocean bed.
- 3. a geologist and Navy submarine commander during World War II. Part of his mission had been to study the deepest parts of the ocean floor.
- 4. the outermost, rigid layer of the Earth that consists of the crust and the rigid upper part of the mantle
- 5. where crust is neither produced nor destroyed as the plates slide horizontally past each other.
- 6. where new crust is generated as the plates pull away from each other.
- 7. the solid, dense center of the Earth
- 13. the thin, outermost layer of the Earth
- 14. a German meteorologist, geophysicist and polar researcher. In 1915 he published 'The Origin of Continents and Oceans', which outlined his theory of Continental Drift.
- 20. the central, spherical part of the Earth below the mantle