Across
- 1. Where two tectonic plates collide, leading to intense geological activity like earthquakes, volcanoes, and mountain building, often involving one plate sliding under another (subduction) or the crust crumpling upwards.
- 6. The geological process where new oceanic crust forms at mid-ocean ridges as tectonic plates diverge, allowing magma from the Earth's mantle to rise, solidify, and push older crust away, creating underwater mountain chains and new ocean floor.
- 7. Circular movements in fluids (liquids or gases) driven by density differences from heating.
- 9. A massive supercontinent, meaning "all lands," that joined most of Earth's continents about 335 to 300 million years ago.
- 10. A pioneering Canadian geophysicist and geologist who significantly advanced plate tectonic theory by introducing key concepts like transform faults and hotspots, explaining the formation of volcanic chains.
- 11. A theory explaining tectonic plates.
- 12. Where two tectonic plates slide horizontally past each other, causing significant earthquakes but neither creating nor destroying crust.
Down
- 2. Meteorologist that proposed the Theory that all the continents were once joined together
- 3. Where two tectonic plates move apart, causing magma to rise and form new crust.
- 4. A geological area where two tectonic plates collide, causing the denser plate (usually oceanic crust) to slide beneath the lighter one (often continental crust) and sink into the Earth's mantle.
- 5. A pioneering American geophysicist and Princeton professor.
- 8. The theory, pioneered by Alfred Wegener, that Earth’s continents slowly move over geologic time.