Across
- 2. an abrupt movement of soil and bedrock downhill in response to gravity
- 3. an active volcano that is in repose but is expected to erupt in the future.
- 5. a deep valley that forms as a result of tectonic plates moving apart on land
- 8. pieces of the earth's crust
- 10. one of the large landmasses of the earth
- 15. one plate sliding against another
- 17. tiny currents that carry thermal energy
- 18. semiliquid rock found beneath the earth's surface
- 20. a form of stress produced by the action of equal and opposite forces
- 21. an exceptionally large ocean wave, especially one caused by an underwater earthquake or volcanic eruption
- 25. the man who established the theory of continental drift
- 26. the bottom of the ocean
- 27. of or relating to the ocean
- 28. the movement of one tectonic plate under another tectonic plate
- 29. the place where two or more plates in the Earth's crust meet
- 30. a measure of the effects of an earthquake at a particular place on humans, structures and (or) the land itself
- 35. the opening at the Earth's surface through which volcanic materials erupt
- 36. sometimes sedimentary and igneous rocks are subject to pressures so intense or heat so high that they are completely changed
- 40. a geologist that uses physical principles to study the properties of the earth
- 42. the centre of the earth
- 43. the strength of an earthquake
- 44. stream of molten rock that erupts relatively nonexplosively from a volcano and moves slowly downslope.
- 47. two plates moving towards each other
- 49. a landform where molten rock erupts through the surface of the planet
- 50. the degree of hotness or coldness
- 51. a single thickness of some substance or material
- 52. the layer of the earth below the crust
- 53. an underwater earthquake
- 54. a series of underwater mountains that form as a result of tectonic plates moving apart and allowing magma to rise to the surface
- 55. the supercontinent that existed 335 million years ago
- 56. relating to earthquakes
Down
- 1. a theory that the middle of the ocean is spreading apart, forming new oceanic crust
- 4. the layer of the Earth that lies below the lithosphere
- 5. the area of the Earth through which faulting occurred during an earthquake
- 6. rock that in its molten form issues from volcanos
- 7. the maximum height of a wave crest or depth of a trough
- 9. an area in the middle of a lithospheric plate where magma rises from the mantle and erupts at the Earth's surface
- 11. the deformation of the lithosphere
- 12. a sudden violent shaking of the ground
- 13. relating to eruptions of gas and lava from the Earth's crust
- 14. the regions of the Earth where living organisms exist
- 16. the system used to measure the strength of an earthquake
- 19. a fracture in rock where movement has occurred
- 22. outer layer of the earth
- 23. a written record of an earthquake, recorded by a siesmograph
- 24. the gradual movement of the continents across the earth's surface as a result of the movement of the plates they lie on
- 31. the upper layer of Earth's interior, including the crust and the brittle portion at the top of the mantle.
- 32. an instrument that records the motions of the Earth, especially earthquakes
- 33. underwater cliffs between the beach and ocean
- 34. a scientist who studies earthquakes
- 37. to bend or change direction
- 38. a region in which earthquakes are known to occur
- 39. an area of rock that has been bent by stress
- 41. two plates moving apart
- 45. a naturally occuring solid made of minerals
- 46. a risk
- 48. a deep ditch under the ocean along a tectonic plate boundary