plate tectonics, earthquakes, volcanoes.

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Across
  1. 4. The opening through which volcanic material escapes
  2. 5. A supercontinent that existed 200 million years ago.
  3. 7. Molten rock beneath Earth's surface.
  4. 8. Large ocean wave caused by an underwater earthquake.
  5. 9. Instrument used to record earthquake waves.
  6. 10. A fracture in the crust where movement occurs.
  7. 15. A plume of magma creating volcanic features in the middle of a plate.
  8. 17. Underwater mountain range formed by divergent plates.
  9. 19. Scale used to measure the magnitude of an earthquake.
  10. 20. A plate boundary where plates collide
Down
  1. 1. A plate boundary where plates pull apart
  2. 2. Heat transfer in the mantle that moves plates.
  3. 3. Energy waves released during an earthquake.
  4. 6. The soft, plastic layer of the mantle beneath the lithosphere.
  5. 11. Massive, moving pieces of Earth's lithosphere.
  6. 12. The rigid outer part of the Earth consists of the crust and upper mantle.
  7. 13. The point on Earth's surface directly above an earthquake's focus.
  8. 14. A process where one plate sinks beneath another.
  9. 16. A plate boundary where plates slide past each other horizontally.
  10. 18. The point inside the crust where an earthquake begins.