Plato to NATO review

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Across
  1. 2. The natural phenomenon that Theodoric of Freibourg studied with both geometry and experimentation with a urine flask.
  2. 4. A force that Newton proposed but was criticized for lacking physical explanation in his time.
  3. 5. The organism that Abraham Trembley cut in half to study regeneration.
  4. 6. Copernicus's ___ model of the universe consists of celestial spheres with the sun at the center. Unlike Ptolemy, he believed that the spheres were solid and described the actual physical structure of the universe.
  5. 7. Fourier generated mathematical equations for the diffusion of heat without discussing the reality of a substance assumed to carry heat. What is the substance?
  6. 8. The model organism that Aristotle studied consecutively for 21 days.
  7. 10. The model organism used by Mendel to study heredity.
  8. 12. Einstein derived the theory of General Relativity from theoretical considerations, but also found empirical evidence later. What can be bent by massive bodies?
Down
  1. 1. The model organism used by Morgan to study heredity.
  2. 3. The special form of reproduction that Charles Bonnet discovered in female aphids.
  3. 5. The thing that Lazarro Spallanzani put onto frogs to study the condition of fertilization.
  4. 9. Descartes believed that physical phenomena are no more than behaviors of mathematically defined matter. What branch of mathematics is key to describing corpuscles and their motions?
  5. 11. Ptolemy built the mathematical system of deferents and epicycles to explain the non-uniform motion of planets. This is called "__ the phenomena", because it lacks physical meaning.