Across
- 3. the action of signing or giving formal consent to a treaty, contract, or agreement, making it officially valid.
- 7. Supporters of the ratification of the new constitution; believed nation should be run by a strong, national government
- 11. political powers granted to the United States government that aren't explicitly stated in the Constitution.
- 12. president; carries out laws
- 13. A section of the United States Constitution that enables Congress to make the laws required for the exercise of its other powers established by the Constitution.
- 15. The formula for counting five slaves as three people for the purpose of representation that reconciled Northern and Southern factions at the constitutional congress
- 20. the original constitution of the US, ratified in 1781, gave too much power to individual states.
- 23. The Declaration of Independence is defined as the formal statement written by the founding fathers declaring the freedom of the thirteen American colonies from Great Britain.
- 27. First 10 amendments to the constitution; individual liberties, protection from government infringement; ratified 1791
- 28. 4th President of the United States; member of the Continental Congress and rapporteur at the Constitutional Convention in 1776; helped frame the Bill of Rights
- 29. congressional powers specifically named in the Constitution (Article I, Section 8)
- 30. supreme court; evaluates laws
Down
- 1. a person sent or authorized to represent others, in particular an elected representative sent to a conference.
- 2. The Supreme Court declared unanimously that a certain law passed by Congress should not be enforced, because the law was opposed to the Constitution.
- 4. counterbalancing influences by which an organization or system is regulated, typically those ensuring that political power is not concentrated in the hands of individuals or groups.
- 5. an organized group of people who have the same ideology, or who otherwise have the same political positions, and who field candidates for elections, in an attempt to get them elected and thereby implement the party's agenda.
- 6. A document that embodies the fundamental laws and principles by which the United States is governed. It was drafted by the Constitutional Convention and later supplemented by the Bill of Rights and other amendments.
- 8. the assembly of fifty-five delegates in the summer of 1787 to recast the Articles of Confederation; the result was the U.S. Constitution
- 9. congress; makes laws
- 10. doctrine of constitutional law under which the three branches of government (executive, legislative, and judicial) are kept separate.
- 14. The first vice president (1789-1797) and second president (1797-1801) of the United States. He was a major figure during the American Revolution, the drafting of the Declaration of Independence, and the shaping of the Constitution.
- 16. A plan that called for each state to have one vote in Congress instead of the number of votes being based on the population
- 17. Proposed that states have equal representation in the Senate and proportional representation in the House of Representatives
- 18. a section that appeared in many constitutions, as well as in some charters and statutes, which provides that the governing body empowered by the document may enact laws to promote the general welfare of the people, sometimes worded as the public welfare.
- 19. review by the US Supreme Court of the constitutional validity of a legislative act.
- 21. Opposed the ratification of a new constitution; believed that the nation is best managed by individual states
- 22. a state in which supreme power is held by the people and their elected representatives, and which has an elected or nominated president rather than a monarch.
- 24. A proposal by Virginia delegates for a bicameral legislative branch; drafted by James Madison in 1787
- 25. (in the US) a body of people representing the states of the US, who formally cast votes for the election of the president and vice president.
- 26. a minor change or addition designed to improve a text, piece of legislation, etc.