Across
- 1. Associations attached to the sign that come from our culture and our personal experience
- 7. a specific form or mode of cultural organization in which the means of production, raw materials, machines, etc…. are owned by everyone and private property does not exist
- 9. ______ studies share the goal of challenging the Eurocentric bias of traditional approaches to education, as well as of Western culture more broadly
- 10. Last name of the French philosopher who talked about repressive state apparatuses (RSAs) and ideological state apparatuses (ISAs)
- 13. the idea that forms of social stratification such as race, class, sexual orientation, age, disability, and gender do not exist separately but are interwoven together
- 14. Gender _________ is the belief that men and women naturally think and act in particular ways
- 15. Culture that is generally rural, rather than urban, and is often considered as a kind of heritage
- 16. Groups with values and norms that differentiate them from the larger culture
- 17. _______ theory and criticism seeks to understand the nature of gender inequality through a focus on the social roles played by women in relation to man
- 20. _________ needs are psychological needs to be creative, independent, and autonomous
- 22. People who do not own the means of production and are forced to sell their labor power
- 23. ______ studies takes the quote “one is not born, but becomes a women” and applies it to gender identity in general
- 24. _________ culture is the social practices and activities in which people can engage without significant training, education, or cost
- 25. a skilled craft worker who creates material objects partly or entirely by hand
- 28. _______ ideology is the distillation of a conventional philosophy of education in the form of aluminum, plastic, and wood
- 29. Toxic _______ is the idea that certain cultural norms associated with being masculine such as the need to be dominant, refusal to compromise, etc…
- 30. ______ theory can be considered as special types of lenses that bring particular aspects of culture into focus, allowing them to be scrutinized carefully
- 31. Celebrity culture and fandom; video games; rock concerts; and pop music
- 32. _______ Model was conceptualized through the process of a phone call. It is often used for broader communicative contents like public speaking
- 33. James Joyce's 1918 novel- a complicated, dense work using a variety of different styles including stream-of-consciousness writing to tell a story
- 35. ________ signs are words or images that resemble the thing they represent
- 36. _______ practices- things that people make and do that convey meaning
- 37. The _______ position is one in which the recipient understands the message but rejects it
- 39. ______ is the relation between the signifier and the signified
- 40. Class ______ is a Marxist critical theory between the workers and the ruling class
- 42. _________ Needle Theory approaches media from the position that content in plunged in a specifically directed stream to an “open vessel” audience in a single stream
- 44. _____ equilibrium is when a dominant and subordinate class of people fight when in a capitalism economy
- 46. Philosopher Roland Barthes defined _______ as the disguising of history as nature
- 47. Relationships of position-where one sign is in relation to another
- 49. To ____ a message is to render it intelligible, to make sense of it- one needs a “key,” a set of instructions that help translate elements of the code
- 51. The ______/hegemonic position is one in which the message is interpreted in the way it was intended
- 52. Popular culture practices, beliefs, and even objects
- 54. People who own the means of production and purchase the labor power of others
- 55. The ______ position is a mixture of acceptance and rejection. The message is understood but not fully taken up
Down
- 1. _________ culture is a system where technology, industry, culture, and social change merge together as consumers are prepared to go to great lengths to get the media they want, when they want it
- 2. _____ is to look at it in such a way that it becomes strange, and this often involves questioning the foundations a belief rests on
- 3. In terms of material practices: the things that people do and make in a particular time and place
- 4. The Semiotic ________ is how the relationship between the symbol and referent is represented as
- 5. The way in which a particular concept is expressed
- 6. ______ culture is a culture in which men have historically held positions of power and authority
- 8. Theory and criticism started by the writings of German philosopher Karl Marx
- 10. is the “cutting edge” of a particular medium; today’s ______ becomes tomorrow’s mainstream
- 11. Little units of meaning
- 12. The concrete thing out there in the world that the sign identifies is the ______
- 15. _______ needs are needs that can be satisfied through consumerism and suppress real needs
- 18. ______ studies, similar to gender studies is focused on how sexual identity sexual orientation, and sexual desire are produced, maintained, and policed
- 19. “One is not born, but rather becomes a women”- page 70
- 21. A category of related signs. Ex. “tree” includes oak, maple, larch, willow, banzai and so on
- 26. A concept that is being expressed
- 27. The Cultural _______ mass produces items for us to consume and gives us the appearance of freedom of choice and the ability to express ourselves
- 34. _______ theory and criticism is the political, aesthetic, economic, historical, and social impact of European colonial rule around the world starting in the 18th century
- 38. ________ switching refers to the practice of alternating between two or more languages or language variants in conversation
- 40. Studies how meaning is created and communicated, and focuses on the rules that govern different systems of communication
- 41. ______ in general are systems of communication
- 43. _________ Storytelling examines the ways that different stories are told via different media platforms, allowing those platforms to their unique abilities to enrich the story
- 45. _______ signs may not look or sound like their signifieds, but nevertheless are directly connected in some way
- 46. ______ Theory considers the ______ through which the message is transmitted
- 48. The _____ meaning of a sign is what we might consider its dictionary definition: its most basic or literal meaning
- 50. This school explored social conditions that facilitated and reinforced oppression and theorized changes that might permit the emergence of a more egalitarian culture
- 53. _______ studies is an interdisciplinary scholarly discipline that focuses its attention on the ways in which disability has been defined, how it has been represented in media, and its consequences for individuals characterized as disabled