porifera

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Across
  1. 3. The phylum of simple multicellular organisms commonly known as sponges.
  2. 5. Central cavity in sponges where water is circulated for filter feeding.
  3. 6. Feeding The method by which sponges extract food particles from water using specialized cells.
  4. 9. Mobile cells in sponges responsible for transporting nutrients, forming skeletal elements, and other functions.
  5. 11. Reproduction without the involvement of gametes, common in sponges through budding or fragmentation.
  6. 12. Lack of symmetry in body structure, a characteristic of many sponge species.
  7. 14. Collar cells in sponges that create water currents and capture food particles.
  8. 15. Small, needle-like structures made of calcium carbonate or silica that provide structural support in some sponge species.
Down
  1. 1. Protein fibers in the sponge's extracellular matrix that contribute to its structural integrity.
  2. 2. A close and often mutually beneficial relationship between different species; some sponges engage in symbiotic relationships.
  3. 4. The ability of sponges to regrow from fragments or even individual cells.
  4. 7. Outer layer of cells covering the surface of the sponge.
  5. 8. The process by which cells engulf and digest solid particles, seen in sponge cells during feeding.
  6. 10. Pores in the sponge body through which water enters for filtration.
  7. 13. Attached or fixed in one place; sponges are often sessile organisms.