Across
- 5. renal regulation of acid/base involves adjustment of ________ ion and bicarbonate ion.
- 6. hyperventilation can cause a state known as ________ alkalosis.
- 8. decreasing ventilation will _____ the amount of CO2 that is removed from the body, and hence will retain H+ in the blood
- 10. this buffer system is primarily buffers the ECF against noncarbonic-acid changes
- 12. vomiting stomach acid, hypomagnesaemia, ingestion of saliva while chewing tobacco can all lead to metabolic _________.
- 13. patients exhibiting alkalosis will likely be excreting this type of urine during their body's attempt to compensate
- 14. sedatives, impaired breathing mechanics, COPD, can all cause respiratory _________
- 16. this buffer system is the primary buffer against carbonic acid changes
- 17. this buffer system is an important urinary buffer
Down
- 1. H+ excretion rates are regulated by means of increasing/decreasing tubular ________
- 2. the third and final line of defense against acid load.
- 3. metabolic alkalosis will result in a ________ in ventilation rate
- 4. minimizes changes in ECF pH by binding or releasing free H+ to weak acids/weak bases. (abbreviation).
- 6. HCO3- excretion rates are regulated by means of increasing/decreasing tubular _________
- 7. above normal H+ in arterial blood stimulates chemoreceptors leading to an _________ in ventilation rate
- 9. chronic diarrhea, ketoacidosis due to untreated diabetes, and ingestion of methanol are examples that lead to ______ acidosis
- 11. patients exhibiting acidosis will likely be excreting this type of urine during their body's attempt to compensate
- 15. kidneys regulate the formation and subsequent secretion of "_________ urinary acids" in response to acidosis