Across
- 1. A dense sphere of solid iron and nickel at the center of Earth.
- 2. A state of matter that has a definite volume but no definite shape.
- 5. made up of vibrating electric and magnetic fields that can move through the space at the speed of light
- 7. In a wave, the distance between the highest crest and the resting position
- 9. The energy that is transferred from a warmer object to a cooler object.
- 11. Circular flow of a gooey mixture of rocks and magma in the mantle caused by that mixture being heated by the core of the Earth.
- 13. electromagnetic waves with the 2nd longest wavelengths and 2nd lowest frequencies
- 15. A layer of solid rock that forms Earth's outer surface; the main elements in the rock are oxygen and silicon.
- 16. An increase in the size of a substance when its temperature is increased
- 20. The energy due to the motion of an object or its particles.
- 25. The transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves
- 26. Conduction, Convection, Radiation
- 27. A wave that moves through some type of matter
- 28. The matter through which a wave travels
- 30. A layer of molten iron and nickel that surrounds the inner core of Earth.
- 31. An decrease in the size of a substance when its temperature is decreased
- 33. a type of rock that forms from magma or lava that cools and hardens
- 36. A layer of hotter rock located below the Earth's crust; the rock here contains more magnesium and iron.
- 39. a solid in which the atoms are arranged in a pattern that repeats again and again
- 41. a naturally occurring, inorganic solid that has a crystal structure and a definite chemical composition
- 43. A circular movement of a fluid (gas or liquid) caused by the cycle of warm fluid rising and cool fluid sinking.
- 44. the combination of two or more waves that results in a single wave
- 45. For 1 gram of a substance, the amount of energy required to raise its temperature by 1 Kelvin (same as 1 degree Celsius).
- 46. electromagnetic waves with the shortest wavelengths and highest frequencies
- 48. electromagnetic waves with the 2nd shortest wavelengths and 2nd highest frequencies
- 49. electromagnetic waves with the wavelengths a little shorter than visible light and frequencies a little higher than visible light
- 51. electromagnetic waves with the longest wavelengths and lowest frequencies
- 52. the bending of a wave as it moves around an obstacle
- 54. A state of matter that has no definite shape or volume.
- 56. A measure of how hot (or cold) something is; specifically, a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object.
- 57. Energy cannot be created or destroyed, it can only change forms.
- 59. A series of processes on the surface and inside Earth that slowly changes rocks from one kind to another
- 60. A wave that travels perpendicular (at right angles) to the direction of the the wave source's motion
- 61. The number of times a wave repeats in a given amount of time
- 62. A wave that travels in the same direction as wave source's motion
- 63. Finding ways to use less energy or to use energy more efficiently.
- 64. The transfer of thermal energy by the circulation or movement of a liquid or gas
- 65. A process of heat transfer where the warm part of a fluid rises and the cool part of that fluid sinks.
Down
- 1. A material that does not transfer thermal energy easily - it resists the gain or loss of temperature.
- 3. occurs when two waves combine to form a wave with smaller amplitude then the original waves
- 4. a type of rock that forms when particles from other rocks or the remains of plants and animals are pressed and cemented together
- 6. A mountain or hill having an opening that blasts out magma (lava), rocks, and gas from the earth's crust.
- 8. A state of matter that has a definite shape and volume.
- 10. the wave energy is transferred to the material it hits
- 12. electromagnetic waves that you can see
- 14. A disturbance that transfers energy from place to place
- 17. The total kinetic and potential energy of all the particles of an object.
- 18. small, solid pieces of material that come from rocks or living things
- 19. The transfer of thermal energy from one particle of matter to another
- 21. a type of rock that forms from an existing rock that is changed by heat, pressure, or chemical reactions
- 22. A type of energy that can travel without a medium
- 23. A completely empty space, containing no particles of matter
- 24. The distance a wave travels before it starts to repeat it's motion
- 29. Stored energy due to the position or shape of an object or its particles.
- 32. the bending of a wave as it enters a new medium at an angle
- 34. A material that transfers thermal energy easily
- 35. occurs when two waves combine to form a wave with greater amplitude then the original waves
- 37. A pure substance made of only one kind of atom; also the smallest, most basic part of something.
- 38. A wave of energy that travels through the Earth, away from an earthquake in all directions.
- 40. the complete range of electromagnetic waves placed in order of increasing frequency
- 42. electromagnetic waves with the wavelengths a little longer than visible light and frequencies a little lower than visible light
- 47. the process by which atoms are arranged to form a material with a crystal structure
- 50. A sudden and violent shaking of the ground caused by the cracking, shifting, and moving of the earth's crust.
- 53. an increase in the amplitude of a vibration that occurs when external vibrations match an object's natural frequency
- 55. a wave that appears to stand (stay) in one place, even though it is really two waves interfering
- 58. the wave bounces off and goes in a new direction