Across
- 2. column, an ordered arrangement of rock layers that is based on the relative ages of the rocks and in which the oldest rocks are at the bottom
- 4. the area of land that drains into a body of water
- 11. a molten mixture of rock-forming substances, gases, and water from the mantle
- 12. a bowl-shaped area that forms around a volcano´s central opening
- 14. volcanism, volcanoes that form on top of the earth´s crust
- 15. spreading, the process by which new oceanic lithosphere forms as magma rises toward the surface and solidifies
- 17. of superposition, states that in undisturbed rock layers, the oldest rocks are on the bottom and the rocks become progressively younger toward the top
- 19. the opening through which molten rock and gas leave a volcano
- 21. occurs when sections of rock on opposite sides of the crack move relative to each other
- 24. water, the water on Earth´s land surface
- 25. the change of a liquid to a gas
- 28. resource,a resource that forms at a rate that is much slower than the rate at which the resource is consumed
- 29. plates, sections of the earth´s crust that move due to convection currents
- 30. stress that stretches rock so that it becomes thinner in the middle
Down
- 1. change of state from gas to liquid
- 3. large-scale processes affecting the structure of the earth´s crust
- 5. one of many layers (such as in a rock formation)
- 6. measures and records ground motion and can be used to determine the distance seismic waves travel
- 7. stress that squeezes rock until it folds or breaks
- 8. shaking and vibration at the surface of the earth resulting from underground movement along a fault plane of from volcanic activity
- 9. any form of water that falls to the earth´s surface from the clouds
- 10. a hot fast-moving type of lava that hardens to form smooth ropelike coils
- 13. force, the upward force that keeps an object immersed in or floating on a fluid
- 15. a force that acts on rock to change its shape or volume
- 16. force directed parallel to a surface
- 18. anything having to do with molten earth materials
- 20. the process by which oceanic crust sinks beneath a deep-ocean trench and back into the mantle at a convergent plate boundary
- 22. a weak spot in the crust where magma has come to the surface
- 23. resource, a resource that can be replaced at a rate similar to the rate at which it is used
- 26. magma that reaches Earth´s surface
- 27. the large hole at the top of a volcano formed when the roof of a volcano´s magma chamber collapses