Across
- 2. A person who calls out the times of prayer from the minaret.
- 3. A person who travels to a holy place for religious reasons.
- 5. The leader of an Arab tribe or community.
- 7. A Muslim who believes that any good Muslim could be chosen as leader, not just Muhammad’s relatives.
- 9. The study of Earth’s land, water, and features, and how people live and interact with them.
- 12. A green, fertile area in the desert where there is water and plants.
- 16. A city in the Middle East sacred to Jews, Christians, and Muslims.
- 18. A Muslim who believes that only relatives of Muhammad should be leaders of the Muslim community.
- 19. A highly trained soldier in the Ottoman army, often taken as a young boy from Christian families and raised to serve the Sultan.
- 20. The title for a king in Persia (modern-day Iran), used by the Safavid rulers.
- 22. A series of wars between Christians and Muslims over control of Jerusalem during the Middle Ages.
- 24. The act of taking control of a place or people through military force.
- 27. ‘severing of ties’ the journey the Islamic prophet Muhammad and his followers took from Mecca to Medina.
- 28. A large group of lands and peoples ruled by one leader or government.
- 30. A place where Muslims gather to pray and worship.
- 33. a document dealing with tribal affairs during the prophet Muhammad's time in Medina and formed the basis of a multi-religious state under his leadership
- 34. A Muslim ruler, especially in later Islamic empires; usually a powerful king.
- 35. an Arab tribe that inhabited and used to control Mecca and the Kaaba
Down
- 1. good at handling sensitive or tricky situations in a polite and thoughtful way.
- 4. Acceptance of people with different religions or beliefs
- 6. a military blockade of a city or fortified place to compel it to surrender
- 8. A leader of the Muslim community after Muhammad’s death, both a political and religious ruler.
- 10. annual pilgrimage to Mecca
- 11. A marketplace with many shops and sellers.
- 13. A state or country ruled by a sultan.
- 14. A group of travelers and animals (usually camels) that move together across the desert for safety and trade.
- 15. A member of a secret Muslim group known for using surprise attacks to kill political or religious leaders.
- 17. A small, detailed painting often used in Persian and Mughal books to show stories, history, or daily life.
- 21. The holy book of Islam, believed by Muslims to be the word of God revealed to Muhammad.
- 23. The design and building of structures;
- 25. A path or network used for buying and selling goods between regions
- 26. A European soldier who fought on horseback, often for religious or noble causes during the Crusades.
- 29. A tall tower on a mosque where a crier calls Muslims to prayer.
- 31. The Muslim community
- 32. a stone building at the center of Islam's most important mosque and holiest site