Across
- 5. An abnormal permanent enlargement of the airspaces distal to the terminal bronchioles accompanied by destruction of their walls without obvious "fibrosis”.
- 9. It is a long-acting B2 agonist that has a slower onset of action
- 10. It is generally defined as an arterial blood carbon dioxide level over 45 mmHg
- 12. It represents the single most important intervention in preventing the development, as well as progression, of COPD.
- 13. An oral PDE4 inhibitor that is recommended for patients with recurrent exacerbations despite treatment with triple inhalation therapy
- 14. This drug can relieve dyspnea for patients with end-stage COPD.
Down
- 1. It is present early in the course of the COPD and is associated with an increased number and size of mucus-producing cells
- 2. This is considered an alternative to commonly used inhaled therapies for bronchodilation and improving symptoms.
- 3. It is the most frequently used short-acting B2-agonist
- 4. It is the most prescribed short-acting anticholinergic agent for COPD in the United States.
- 6. It is typically the most troublesome complaint for patients with COPD
- 7. This the preferred route of administration for short-acting, selective B2-agonists
- 8. This is the initial recommended therapy for COPD patients who experience occasional symptoms
- 11. It is a right-sided heart failure secondary to pulmonary hypertension
- 12. This test is useful to confirm the presence of airflow limitation and to determine the severity of obstruction.