Reconstruction

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Across
  1. 3. These state laws severely limited the rights of freedmen (Mississippi and South Carolina were the first to pass these)
  2. 4. The period of US history after the Civil War. The focus was on rebuilding the South (1865-1877)
  3. 8. This contested election brought Rutherford B. Hayes to the presidency and as a condition, Reconstruction was effectively ended
  4. 9. President during the Civil War and early Reconstruction, his approach was lenient and forgiving as the nation had suffered enough
  5. 10. a government agency set up to help formerly enslaved people during early Reconstruction. They set up schools and hospitals
  6. 11. the legal separation of the races
  7. 12. this exam required potential voters to prove at least a 5th grade education - they were meant to keep freedmen from voting
  8. 14. This was a fee that voters were required to pay - it kept many freedmen from voting in elections
  9. 18. This amendment to the US Constitution officially abolished (ended) slavery
  10. 19. the process by which a large landholder rents a small plot in exchange for a larger portion (share) of the crop. This locked many in a cycle of poverty
  11. 20. Lincoln's approach to Reconstruction, which called for 10% of a Southern states voters to take a loyalty oath to the US before being readmitted to the Union. Considered a very lenient plan.
  12. 21. White southerners who supported Reconstruction - some saw them as traitors
Down
  1. 1. This amendment to the US Constitution guaranteed freedmen the right to vote
  2. 2. a secret white supremacist group that terrorized freedmen and their supporters to keep them out of political office
  3. 5. These laws called for the segregation of the races in schools, restaurants, theaters, hospitals, etc.
  4. 6. Led by thaddeus stevens and charles sumner, these Congressmen wanted to use Reconstruction to secure rights for freedmen and punish the South for the war
  5. 7. this amendment to the US Constitution guaranteed citizens equal protection of the law and deemed all newly freed slaves to be citizens
  6. 13. Northerners who came south during Reconstruction
  7. 15. Newly freed slaves in the South after the Civil War
  8. 16. This landmark court case upheld the doctrine of separate but equal and legalized segregation for the next 60 years in the US
  9. 17. To bring formal charges against - Congress did this to President Andrew Johnson, but he was not removed from office