reconstruction terms

4. A farmer, typically formerly enslaved or poor, who worked land owned by someone else in return for a share of the crops, often leading to a cycle of debt and poverty.
6. The constitutional amendment (ratified in 1870) that guaranteed African American men the right to vote.
9. Laws passed in Southern states after the Civil War to restrict the rights and freedoms of formerly enslaved African Americans.
10. A government agency established in 1865 to help formerly enslaved people and poor whites in the South by providing food, housing, education, and medical care.
11. A derogatory term for Northerners who moved to the South after the Civil War, often to seek personal gain or influence during Reconstruction.

1. A group of Republicans in Congress during Reconstruction who wanted to punish the South harshly and give full rights to freed African Americans.
2. A farmer who rents land from a landowner and pays rent either in cash or a portion of the crops grown.
3. – A law that granted citizenship and equal rights to all people born in the United States (except Native Americans), regardless of race.
5. A secret white supremacist group formed in the South after the Civil War that used violence and terror to suppress African Americans and their supporters.
6. The constitutional amendment (ratified in 1868) that granted citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the U.S. and guaranteed them equal protection of the laws.
7. A derogatory term for Southern whites who supported Reconstruction and the Republican Party after the Civil War.
8. – The agreement that ended the disputed 1876 presidential election, resulted in the withdrawal of federal troops from the South, and marked the end of Reconstruction and the beginning of "Jim Crow" laws.