Across
- 2. the act or process of impeaching a public official—formally accusing them of misconduct committed while in office. The word impeachment can also refer to the state of being impeached. An offense that is cause for someone's impeachment can be called an impeachable offense.
- 5. reconstruction- This re-empowers the Freedmen's Bureau and sets reform efforts in motion that will lead to the 14th and 15th Amendments.
- 7. - The Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction was Lincoln's plan to reintegrate the Confederate states back into the Union, granting presidential pardons to all Southerners (except political leaders) who took an oath of future allegiance to the Union.
- 10. republicans- The Radical Republicans' most important measures were contained in the Reconstruction Acts of 1867 and 1868, which placed the Southern states under military government and required universal manhood suffrage. Despite the Radical program, however, white control over Southern state governments was gradually restored
- 11. a secret society created by white southerners in 1886 that used terror an violences to keep africans americans from obtaining their civil rights.
- 13. the enforced separation of different racial groups in a country, community, or establishment.
- 18. the era following the U.S. The Civil War was an effort to reunify the divided nation and integrate African Americans into society.
- 19. grant- He ambitiously hoped to protect the rights of former enslaved people and expand Republican influence over the region while simultaneously avoiding another civil war. In 1870 he signed the Fifteenth Amendment, which guaranteed universal male suffrage without respect to race.
- 20. assesses a person's literacy skills: their ability to read and write. ... In the United States, between the 1850s and 1960s, literacy tests were administered to prospective voters, and this had the effect of disenfranchising African Americans and others with diminished access to education.
Down
- 1. Clause- was a legal or constitutional mechanism passed by seven Southern states during Reconstruction to deny suffrage to Blacks. It meant that those who had enjoyed the right to vote prior to 1867, or their lineal descendants, would be exempt from educational, property, or tax requirements for voting.
- 3. stevens- Reconstruction offered an opportunity to create a "perfect republic" based on the principle of equal rights for all citizens. As floor leader of House Republicans, he helped to shepherd Reconstruction legislation through Congress, although he thought much of it too moderate.
- 4. white Southerner acting in support of the reconstruction governments after the American Civil War often for private gain.
- 6. In practice, the term carpetbagger was often applied to any Northerner who was present in the South during the Reconstruction Era (1865–1877). The term is closely associated with "scalawag", a similarly pejorative word used to describe native White Southerners who supported the Republican Party-led Reconstruction.
- 8. act- outlined the terms for readmission to representation of rebel states. The bill divided the former Confederate states, except for Tennessee, into five military districts.
- 9. tax- a tax levied on every adult, without reference to income or resources.
- 12. a system of agriculture instituted in the American South during the period of Reconstruction after the Civil War. It essentially replaced the plantation system which had relied on the stolen labor of enslaved people and effectively created a new system of bondage.
- 14. codes- restrictive laws designed to limit the freedom of African Americans and ensure their availability as a cheap labor force after slavery was abolished during the Civil War. literacy
- 15. Bureau- during the Reconstruction period after the American Civil War, popular name for the U.S. Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands, established by Congress to provide practical aid to 4,000,000 newly freed African Americans in their transition from slavery to freedom.
- 16. Johnson-In 1865 President Andrew Johnson implemented a plan of Reconstruction that gave the white South a free hand in regulating the transition from slavery to freedom and offered no role to blacks in the politics of the South.
- 17. percent plan- Lincoln's blueprint for Reconstruction included the Ten-Percent Plan,which specified that a southern state could be readmitted into the Union once 10 percent of its voters (from the voter rolls for the election of 1860) swore an oath of allegiance to the Union. Lincoln wanted to end the war quickly.