Renaissance

4. Dutch master using precise light for realistic, everyday scenes.
6. Vinci: Ultimate Renaissance genius spanning art, science, and engineering.
7. Architect who engineered Florence's dome and perfected linear perspective.
9. Catholic revival resisting Protestants through dramatic, devout art.
11. Feudal ruler losing absolute power to wealthy Renaissance cities.
12. Press: Invention rapidly spreading Renaissance humanism and literacy worldwide.

1. Mathematical technique creating three-dimensional depth on flat art.
2. Medieval system replaced by Renaissance urban wealth and commerce.
3. Poor laborers gaining mobility and wages after the plague.
5. Death: Plague destroying feudalism, sparking Renaissance social mobility.
8. Renaissance philosophy emphasizing classical study, human reason, and individuality.
10. Religious revolt shattering Catholic dominance using printed ideas.