Renaissance and Reformation

1. The belief that god has determined in advance who will go to heaven and who will not.
6. A group of territories in Italy that operated as a theocracy, or government ruled by a religious authority, where the Pope ruled. (2 words)
7. A form of government in which the leader is not a king and only certain citizens have the right to vote.
9. The process of being deemed worthy of salvation by God. (3 words)
11. Holy Roman Emperor who viewed the Protestant Reformation as a disruption of political and social order, and failed to stop the spread of Protestantism in Germany.
13. The originator of the Protestant Reformation, who was known for posting his issues with Catholicism on the door of his home church.
14. A period of rebirth of classical art and learning.
16. Otherwise known as The Church of England, it was officially established by Elizabeth I. (2 words)
18. Wealthy person who financially supports artists.
19. English artist who developed oil paints to portray greater realism with a new level through brighter colors. (3 words)
20. The country where the Renaissance first emerged.
21. Agreement that formally accepted the Protestant Reformation in Germany, allowing the states to decide whether to be Catholic or Protestant. (3 words)
23. A list of grievances against the Catholic Church, nailed to the door of Wittenberg's church by a discontent monk.

1. Artistic techniques used to give the effect of three-dimensional depth on a two-dimensional surface.
2. Not Catholic.
3. Protestant denomination based on the doctrine of predestination.
4. A movement that developed in northern Europe that combined classical learning and individualism, with the hopes of reforming the Catholic Church. (2 words)
5. The language of everyday speech in a particular region.
8. The first Protestant faith; it differed from Catholicism as it was believed salvation could be achieved through faith alone rather than good works.
10. An intellectual movement of the Renaissance based on the study of the humanities, which included grammar, rhetoric, poetry, moral philosophy, and history.
11. Large meeting held by Catholic church leaders that reaffirmed Catholic teachings in opposition to Protestant beliefs. (3 words)
12. A powerful merchant family that ruled over Florence, using their wealth to fund much of the city's art.
15. German craftsman who developed movable type printing. (2 words)
17. A release from all or part of punishment for sin by the Catholic Church, reducing time in purgatory after death.
19. Member of the Society of Jesus, founded by Ignatius of Loyola, vowed obedience to the Pope and worked as missionaries.
22. City-state that is recognized as the birthplace of the Renaissance.