Renal 1

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Across
  1. 2. Passive movement into peritubular capillaries driven by Starling forces
  2. 7. Site of fine-tuning, hormone sensitive (ADH, aldosterone)
  3. 8. Site of countercurrent multiplier system
  4. 10. Normal daily urine output ~1.5 L/day
  5. 12. Normal filtration rate ~120 mL/min (≈180 L/day)
  6. 13. State of tubular fluid in thick ascending limb
  7. 15. Glucose in urine when plasma glucose exceeds threshold
  8. 17. Character of reabsorption in PCT (no osmotic change)
  9. 18. Tubular maximum transport rate (~300 mg/min for glucose)
  10. 19. Excessive hunger in uncontrolled diabetes
  11. 21. Basolateral pump maintaining Na⁺ gradient for reabsorption
  12. 22. Gold standard to measure GFR
  13. 23. Gold standard to measure renal plasma flow
  14. 26. Mechanism in Loop of Henle creating medullary gradient
  15. 28. Functional unit of the kidney
  16. 29. Hormone that promotes sodium excretion and opposes RAAS
  17. 30. Site where ~65% of Na⁺, water, glucose, and amino acids are reabsorbed
  18. 31. Hormone that increases water permeability of DCT and collecting duct
  19. 33. Rightward shift of pressure-natriuresis curve
  20. 34. End-product used clinically to estimate GFR
  21. 35. Secreted in exchange for Na⁺ at apical membrane
  22. 38. Secreted in exchange for Na⁺ at basolateral membrane under aldosterone
  23. 40. Mechanism by which water always follows solute
  24. 41. Final site where urine concentration is adjusted
Down
  1. 1. Microvilli on PCT apical side that increase surface area
  2. 3. Hormone that vasoconstricts, increases thirst and aldosterone
  3. 4. Increased urine volume, one of 3 P’s of diabetes
  4. 5. Hormone that increases Na⁺ reabsorption and K⁺ secretion
  5. 6. State of tubular fluid in descending loop of Henle
  6. 9. Excessive thirst in uncontrolled diabetes
  7. 11. Used clinically as a measure of GFR
  8. 14. Volume of plasma cleared of a substance per unit time
  9. 16. CAPSULE Starting point of nephron where filtration occurs
  10. 20. Increased Na⁺ excretion when arterial pressure rises
  11. 24. Waste product reabsorbed passively with water movement
  12. 25. Enzyme released from kidney to activate RAAS
  13. 27. Plasma glucose ~180 mg/dL where glucosuria begins
  14. 32. Called the diluting segment, impermeable to water
  15. 36. Movement from capillaries into tubule
  16. 37. Movement from tubule back to capillaries
  17. 39. Movement of plasma water and solutes into Bowman’s capsule