Research Methods

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Across
  1. 4. The freedom to discontinue participation in a study at any time, including removal of data.
  2. 5. A tentative testable prediction about the relationship between two or more variables (often called an ‘educated guess’)
  3. 8. The treatment that participants in an experimental group are exposed to
  4. 10. The factor that is expected to change as a result of the application of an experimental treatment
  5. 12. Participants must take part in a study of their own free will, without any pressure from the researcher.
  6. 15. Participants supply responses either orally or in writing; methods include interviews, and surveys using questionnaires and rating scales.
  7. 17. The group of participants in an experiment who provide a comparison measure for the experimental group on an anticipated outcome (the dependent variable).
  8. 18. Obtaining a sample by selecting the subgroups in the proportions that they occur in the population of participants who are readily available (also known as ‘quota’ sampling)
  9. 21. Neither participants nor the experimenter are aware of the true purpose of the study
  10. 22. An in-depth investigation of a single individual, usually for clinical purposes (but can be of groups, organisation, or events).
  11. 23. Measurable data, expressed in scores or numbers.
  12. 25. A sampling technique ensuring that every member of a population has an equal chance of being selected for the sample being used in the study
  13. 27. An experimental design where participants are randomly assigned to experimental and control groups
  14. 28. The smaller subgroup of the population that has been selected to participate in the research
Down
  1. 1. Any unwanted participant-related or environmental variable that may influence the dependant variable
  2. 2. Information gathered using scientific research methods.
  3. 3. Deliberately misleading study participants about the true nature of the experiment so as to not alter their natural response.
  4. 6. A sampling technique ensuring that the sample includes all relevant subgroups of the population in the appropriate proportions
  5. 7. Fully informing participants about all aspects of a study after its completion, ensuring that the participant has not experienced any lasting harm from their participation in the experiment.
  6. 9. An experimental design where participants are matched in pairs for critical variables and then each member of the pair is randomly assigned to an experimental or control group
  7. 11. A research technique where one variable is deliberately manipulated in order to see if it causes a change in another variable.
  8. 13. An extraneous variable that has influenced the dependent variable and which cannot be distinguished from the independent variable
  9. 14. An experimental design where the same sample of participants takes part in the experimental and control conditions
  10. 16. The right to privacy through anonymity.
  11. 19. The supplying of information about the purpose of a study and its procedures, followed by the signing of a written consent form.
  12. 20. Participants are unaware of the true purpose of the study
  13. 23. Descriptive data, expressed in words or pictures.
  14. 24. The whole large group that is of interest to the researcher, including every individual member
  15. 26. An inferential statistic indicating the probability that results are due to chance.