Across
- 2. – A muscular tube that serves as a passageway for both air (to the larynx) and food (to the esophagus), commonly known as the throat.
- 3. – A substance secreted by alveolar cells that reduces surface tension in the lungs, preventing alveoli from collapsing.
- 5. Membrane – The thin barrier in the alveoli where gas exchange occurs between the air in the lungs and the blood in the capillaries.
- 8. – The paired respiratory organs responsible for gas exchange, bringing oxygen into the blood and removing carbon dioxide.
- 10. – Commonly known as the windpipe, it is a tube that connects the larynx to the bronchi, allowing air to pass to and from the lungs.
- 11. Capacity – The maximum amount of air a person can exhale after a maximal inhalation, an important measure of lung function.
- 13. – The smaller branches of the bronchial tree that lead to the alveoli and do not contain cartilage.
- 14. System – The system of organs and structures responsible for breathing, including the lungs, airways, and respiratory muscles.
- 15. – Also known as the voice box, it is a structure in the throat that contains the vocal cords and is responsible for sound production and air passage.
Down
- 1. Rhythmicity Centers – Neural centers in the brainstem (medulla oblongata and pons) that regulate the basic rhythm of breathing.
- 4. – Tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs between oxygen and carbon dioxide in the bloodstream.
- 6. Pressure – The pressure exerted by a specific gas in a mixture of gases, crucial in determining gas exchange in the lungs and bloodstream.
- 7. Tree – A branching system of airways, including the bronchi and bronchioles, that conduct air from the trachea into the lungs.
- 9. Cavity – The hollow space behind the nose that filters, warms, and humidifies incoming air before it reaches the lungs.
- 12. – The large air passages that branch off from the trachea and direct air into the lungs (singular: bronchus, plural: bronchi).