Across
- 2. – Term describing lands under Muslim rule, connected by trade and religion.
- 7. – Chinese invention later adapted for weapons, dramatically changing global warfare.
- 11. – Diplomatic practice where neighboring states paid respect and gifts to Chinese emperors.
- 14. – Chinese philosophy emphasizing order, hierarchy, and filial piety, reinforced by government exams.
- 16. – Holy city in Arabia, central to Muslim pilgrimage and trade.
- 17. – Moroccan traveler whose accounts reveal the breadth of Islamic societies in the 14th century.
- 18. – Islamic school where students studied the Qur’an, law, and sometimes science or philosophy.
- 19. – Chinese dynasty noted for prosperity, innovation, and cultural flourishing (960–1279).
- 20. – Chinese belief system that combined traditional Confucian thought with Buddhist and Daoist ideas.
Down
- 1. – Administrative system of officials in China that helped centralize dynastic control.
- 3. – Field of mathematics refined by Muslim scholars, later transmitted to Europe.
- 4. – Network of trade routes linking East Asia to the Middle East and Europe.
- 5. – Major Islamic dynasty that ruled from Baghdad and oversaw a golden age of science, trade, and culture.
- 6. – Vast waterway in China that connected northern and southern regions, aiding trade and grain transport.
- 8. – Song Dynasty innovation that made commerce more efficient than coins alone.
- 9. – Fast-ripening crop from Vietnam that boosted Song Dynasty agriculture and population growth.
- 10. – Islamic mystical tradition that emphasized personal connection to God through devotion.
- 12. – Religion that spread into China, influencing art and philosophy despite Confucian resistance.
- 13. – Muslim government established in northern India that blended Islamic and Hindu influences.
- 15. – Baghdad center where scholars translated and preserved Greek, Persian, and Indian texts.