Across
- 3. The band of hard, resistant rock that erodes less quickly to form a waterfall. (7)
- 5. The line of fastest flow within a river. (7)
- 6. The proportion of water which is not experiencing friction from the bed, banks or air. It is small in the upper course and increases in the lower course. (9, 6)
- 8. The rolling along of the largest rocks and boulders (8)
- 9. The dissolving of certain types of rock (e.g. chalk and limestone) by water. (8)
- 15. The dominant type of erosion that occurs in the upper course of a river. (8)
- 16. The fertile sediment that is deposited on the floodplain (8)
- 17. A form of erosion in which the power of the water within the channel forces cracks to widen. (9, 6)
- 18. Erosion that occurs sideways, often caused by the combined effects of abrasion and hydraulic action. (7)
- 20. A semi-circular feature that contains water which is formed by the combined process of erosion and deposition. (5, 4)
- 22. The feature produced on the outside bend of a meander. (5, 5)
- 23. Small material carried within the river, providing a muddy appearance (10)
- 25. A decrease in this factor is likely to encourage deposition as the water is slower with less power for transportation. (8)
- 26. The bouncing movement of small stones and sand grains along the river bed (9)
- 27. Raised banks found in the lower course of a river formed naturally by the deposition of silt (6)
- 29. A feature located at the base of a waterfall. (6, 4)
- 30. A narrow, steep-sided valley formed from waterfall recession (5)
Down
- 1. A horseshoe or semi-circular area that has become dry as it has been cut off from the supply of water (5, 4)
- 2. The spiral movement of water that transports material from the outside bend to the inside bend. (10, 4)
- 4. The type of material that gets deposited closest to the river channel to form a levee. (6)
- 7. A geographical process which causes the formation of levees. (10)
- 10. Occurs where the load carried by the river knocks into other load, causing pieces to break off which makes the material smaller. (9)
- 11. A body of water that opens to a sea or ocean. It is partially enclosed and has one or more rivers flowing int it. All or part of the water is brackish. (7)
- 12. The movement of meanders downstream which causes the floodplain to widen. (7, 9)
- 13. Occurs where load carried by the river scrapes against the bed and banks (8)
- 14. The piece of land between two ends of a meander that becomes narrow due to lateral erosion. (4)
- 19. A bend or a curve in the river channel, often becoming sinuous (i.e. where there are many bends that become exaggerated). (7)
- 21. The feature formed on the inside bend of a meander. (4-3, 5)
- 24. A flat area of land adjacent to the river channel, especially in the lower course. It’s a natural area for water to spill onto when the river reaches the top of its banks (10)
- 28. A geographical event which causes the neck of the meander to be broken causing a more direct channel and resulting in an oxbow lake. (5)