Rocks and Plates

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Across
  1. 1. the breakdown of rocks and minerals by chemical reactions, the dissolving of chemical elements from rocks, or both
  2. 4. the most fully decomposed organic matter lowest in the O horizon
  3. 6. a concentrated accumulation of minerals from which economically valuable materials can be extracted
  4. 7. unwanted waste material created during mining including mineral and other residues that are left behind after the desired metal or ore are removed
  5. 10. a zone of leaching, or eluviation often found in some acidic soils under A horizon
  6. 14. the least weathered Soil horizon which occurs beneath B horizon and is similar to the parent material
  7. 17. the underlying rock material from which the inorganic components of soil are derived
  8. 18. mechanical breakdown of rocks and minerals
  9. 19. frequently the top layer of soil, a zone of organic material and minerals that have been mixed together, AKA top soil
  10. 22. the physical removal of rock fragments from a landscape or ecosystem
  11. 23. an element with properties that allow it to conduct electricity and heat energy, and to perform other important functions
Down
  1. 1. the ability of a particular soil to absorb and release cations
  2. 2. mining techniques used when the desired resource is more than 100 m below the surface of earth
  3. 3. precipitation high in sulfuric acid and nitric acid from reactions between water vapor and sulfur and nitrogen oxides in the atmosphere AKA acid rain
  4. 5. a mining technique in which the entire top of a mountain is removed with explosives
  5. 8. the proportion of soil bases to soil acids, expressed as a a percentage
  6. 9. the loss of some or all of a soils ability to support plant growth
  7. 11. the average concentration of an element in Earth's crust
  8. 12. a mining technique that creates a large visible pit or hole in the ground
  9. 13. the process of looking for minerals, metals, and precious stones in river sediments
  10. 15. a Soil horizon composed primarily of mineral material with very little organic matter
  11. 16. The removal of strips of soil and rock to expose ore
  12. 20. the organic horizon at the surface of many soils, composed of organic detritus in various stages of decomp
  13. 21. a horizontal layer in a soil defined by distinctive physical features such as texture and color