Across
- 4. a naturally occurring, inorganic substance
- 9. a type of rock formed by extreme heat and pressure
- 10. naturally occurring mixture of one or more minerals
- 11. This is the layer that we call "regolith" and it is located just below the B Horizon. This layer is made up of slightly unbroken rock and only a little but of organic material is found here. Plant roots are not found in this layer.
- 13. the process that makes and recycles rocks
- 14. This is a mixture of clay, sand silt, and humus. It has several particles sizes and holds water well.
- 18. a type of rock that forms when sediment layers on top of each other or smaller pieces of rock are smashed together
- 20. the carrying away of small pieces of sediment by wind, water, and ice
- 22. This is unweathered rock (bedrock) layer that is beneath all the other layers.
Down
- 1. a type of rock formed when magma cools
- 2. The loose material that covers much of the Earth's surface.
- 3. Soil is made up of distinct horizontal layers; these layers are called horizons. They range from rich, organic upper layers (humus and topsoil) to underlying rocky layers ( subsoil, regolith and bedrock). Not all soil profiles will have each horizon.
- 5. This is the layer that we call "topsoil" and it is located just below the surface. This layer is made up of minerals and decomposed organic matter and it is also very dark in color. This is the layer that many plant roots grow in.
- 6. The bottom layer. It is a thick layer of unweathered, solid rock that lies just below the subsoil.
- 7. The decayed remains of once-living things.
- 8. Made up of living organisms such as plants and animals, dead plants and animals, and nutrients that have come from decomposed plants and animals.
- 12. It has very small particles. It is smooth in texture. Water tends to puddle on top.
- 15. This is the layer we call "subsoil" and it is located just below the A Horizon. This layer has clay and mineral deposits and less organic materials that the layers above it. This layer is also lighter in color than the layers above it.
- 16. It has the biggest particles. It is rough in texture. Water passes through very easily
- 17. the breaking down of larger rocks into smaller sediment by wind, water, ice, temperature or chemicals
- 19. Very top layer of soil it has small dark particles and a lot of humus. This is the best layer for growing plants.
- 21. The layer of soil right below topsoil. The particles are larger and it is lighter in color. There is less humus.