Across
- 3. Welsh word for 'rafters'
- 7. A timber beam that provides support for the rafters in a traditional cut roof, if the rafters are particularly long and/or thin.
- 10. A type of roof that has a pitch of 10 degrees or less. It is usually covered with felt, bitumen of fibreglass.
- 12. These are L shaped metal straps, used to anchor the wall plate to the wall. 4,5,6.
- 16. A length of material, usually plywood or plastic, which is fixed to the underside of the fascia at right angles. It is also fixed to the wall and runs in a horizontal position. This helps to stop any birds or insects getting into the roof space at the eaves. There are usually vents fitted along its length.
- 17. Welsh word for 'roofs'
- 18. A type of roof that has two sloping surfaces, that come down from the ridge to the eaves. They also have brickwork at each end that continues on above eaves level, usually to the apex of the roof. Also known as a double pitched roof. 5,3.
- 19. A timber board that runs the length of a double pitched/gable end roof and acts as a type of spine. It is placed at the apex (top) of the roof structure. The uppermost ends of the rafters are then fixed to this. This gives the roof central support and holds the rafters in place.
- 21. Naturally occurring rock which can easily be split into thin sheets. Used as a waterproof roof covering.
- 23. A type of compound that prevents the wood resin, which seeps from the knots, from staining the paintwork in the future.
- 25. Welsh word for 'tiles'
- 27. These are made in a factory and are used in modern roof construction. They are lifted on to the roof by a crane or forklift and then fixed in place to form the roof by the carpenters.
- 29. A type of roof that usually has four sloping sides and no gable ends.
Down
- 1. These are fixed to the wall plate and the rafters and span the room space. They also provide a fixing for the plaster board on the ceiling.
- 2. Welsh word for 'joists'
- 4. A flexible waterproof roof covering which is fixed to the rafters and under the battens. The modern version is breathable. A thicker bitumen version can be used as a top covering for some types of roof.
- 5. Two coats of this are usually applied to new timber after it has been primed and before the top coat of gloss.
- 6. This is made from aluminium or lead. It is used to provide water resistance around openings in a roof, such as chimneys, roof windows or when a roof butts up to an existing wall.
- 8. A type of roof that is abutted to the main part of the building and has a pitch of more than 10 degrees.
- 9. An angled piece of timber fixed to the top of the joist, to form a slope of 10 degrees or more on a flat roof.
- 11. A length of material, usually timber or plastic fixed to the foot of the rafters or trusses which provides a fixing for guttering
- 13. Gable end , hipped and lean to, are all classed as this type of roof.
- 14. These are sturdy lengths of timber used on a traditional cut roof. They are fixed to the ridge board and the wall plate. They form the pitch of the roof and provides support for the roof covering.
- 15. Fixed at right angles to the rafter to hold the felt in place and to provide a fixing point for the tiles or slates
- 20. Applied as a top, finish coat for external timber. Can be water based or oil/solvent based.
- 22. Made from concrete or clay. Used as a waterproof covering for the roof.
- 24. Placed above the ceiling, between the joists in the attic space to stop heat escaping through the roof. Reduces energy consumption and therefore energy bills. This reduces the amount of CO2 going into the atmosphere, which is better for the environment.
- 26. The part of a roof that passes over and projects beyond the external walls of a building.
- 28. Applied to new timber to provide a key for the undercoat .