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- 3. A representation of an atom consisting of its chemical symbol with surrounding dots representing its valence electrons.
- 5. An element in Group 17 of the periodic table having seven valence electrons. It easily gains an electron, forming a 1 − anion, which causes it to be highly reactive.
- 7. A column of elements in the periodic table having similar valence electron arrangement, resulting in similar chemical properties; also known as a group.
- 8. An element that is typically dense, solid, ductile, malleable,highly conductive, and chemically reactive,especially in the presence of nonmetal elements. Metals are located on the left end of the periodic table.
- 9. An element that typically has four or more valence electrons and that does not exhibit the general properties of metals; located on the right side of the periodic table.
- 10. An element with characteristics between those of metals and nonmetals; also called semiconductors; located between metals and nonmetals on the periodic table.
- 11. An element in Group 18 on the periodic table having eight valence electrons that fill the outer energy level. (Helium is an exception with only two.) With a full outer energy level, it is inert (i.e., nonreactive).
- 13. a measure of an elements ability to attract and hold electrons when bonded to other atoms
- 14. A column of elements in the periodic table having similar valence electron arrangement, resulting in similar chemical properties; also known as a group.
- 18. An element in Group 2 of the periodic table, having two valence electrons that it tends to lose easily to become a 2 + cation, making it very reactive.
- 19. (1) A row in the periodic table of the elements;also called a series. (2) The time interval (T) for one complete cycle of periodic motion.
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- 1. An element in Group 1 of the periodic table, having one valence electron that it can easily lose to form a 1 + cation, making it extremely reactive; the most reactive of all the metals.
- 2. A table of the chemical elements arranged to display their periodic properties in relation to their atomic numbers.
- 4. Any elements in Groups 3–12 of the periodic table, typically having one or two valence electrons, which it easily loses, resulting in cations with charges of 1 + or 2 + .
- 6. An element from either of two rows usually placed below the periodic table; a member of either the lanthanide or actinide series. It typically has two valence electrons.
- 12. The distance from the center of an atom’s nucleus to its outermost energy level
- 15. Any of Groups 13–16 in the periodic table; so named because they contain metals, nonmetals, and metalloids. These groups are often named for the first element in the family.
- 16. Any electron in the outermost energy level of a neutral atom. Unpaired valence electrons are usually involved in chemical bonding.
- 17. The law that states that the properties of the elements vary with their atomic numbers in a regular, repeated pattern.