Science 10 Chapter 1 Page 8 to 45 Page 5

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Across
  1. 2. Every organism within an ecosystem provides ? for other organisms.
  2. 5. ? if from Greek words meaning "self-feeders".
  3. 7. Consumers, at whatever trophic level, are sometimes called ?. They cannot make their own food and so must obtain their food and energy from autotrophs or other heterotrophs.
  4. 8. In every ?, there is less energy available to secondary consumers than there is to primary consumers.
  5. 11. In the Arctic, the number of producers is small. Because there is less energy available from the Sun and temperatures are often low, producers in the Arctic can't photosynthesize as rapidly as they do in the south. Less energy is available, so fewer organisms can live in that ecosystem. The limited number of organisms means that their relationships with each other are more direct. In these situations, the loss of any one member will have a profound effect on all the remaining organisms. The lower the biodiversity of an ecosystem, the simpler the food web and the more ? each organism is.
  6. 12. ? is the study of energy transformations.
  7. 16. The first law of thermodynamics states that although energy can be transformed from one form to another, it cannot be created or ?.
  8. 17. The second trophic level contains organisms that feed on the producers. These organisms are referred to as ? consumers.
Down
  1. 1. The second law of thermodynamics states that during any energy transformation, some of the energy is converted into an ? form, mostly thermal energy (heat) that cannot be passed on. Each time energy is transformed, some energy is lost from the system.
  2. 3. You can begin to understand energy flows by categorizing living things by their ? level in their ecosystem, according to how they gain their energy.
  3. 4. ? molecules contain the chemical energy that drives ecosystems.
  4. 6. ? provides the energy required by the entire ecosystem. Without photosynthesis, energy would not move from the abiotic environment to living things.
  5. 9. The final carnivore in any food chain is called a ? carnivore.
  6. 10. The term "trophic" comes fro a Greek word meaning "?".
  7. 13. ? beings are heterotrophs.
  8. 14. ? consumers are animals in the third trophic level. They rely on primary consumers for their source of energy, but they are still dependent on the autotrophs in the first trophic level.
  9. 15. Each individual organism in an ecosystem is involved in many food chains. They all interlock with each other to form a feeding relationship called a food ?.