science

2. fault break in rock due to compression forces, where rocks above the fault surface move upward and over the rocks below the fault surface
6. measure of the energy released by an earthquake
11. core very dense, solid center od the Earth that is made of mostly iron with smaller amounts of oxygen, silicon, sulfur, or nickel
12. Earth's outermost layer, which varies in thickness from about 5km to 60km and is separated from the mantle by the Moho Discontinuity
13. waves waves that travel outward from an earthquke's focus and move through Earth by causing particles in rocks to vibrate at right angles to the direction of the wave
15. waves waves of energy that reach Earth's surface during an earthquake, travel outward from the epicenter, and move rock particles up and down, and side to side
17. rigid, outermost layer of Earth that is about 100km thick, and is composed of the crust and part of the upper mantle
18. device used by seimologists to record primary, secondary, suface waves from earthquakes
19. plastic-like layer below the lithosphere
20. drift hypothesis proposed by Alfred Wegener that the states that continents have moved slowly to their current locations on Earth
21. fault break in rock due to shearing forces, where rocks on either side of the fault suface move past each other with little upward or downward movement

1. in an earthquake, the point beneath Earth's surface where energy release occurs
3. point of Earth's surface directely above an earthquake's focus
4. waves waves that travel outward from an Earthquake's focus and cause particles in rocks to move back and forth in the same direction the wave is moving
5. largest layer inside Earth, lying directly above the outer core and that is made mostly of silicon, oxygen, magnesium, and iron
7. fault break in rock due to tension forces, where rock above the fault surface moves downward in relation to rock below the fault surface
8. core liquid core that surrounds Earth's solid inner core, and that is made mostly of iron
9. current cycle of heating, rising, cooling, and sinking that is thought to be the force behind plate tectioncs
10. tectonics theory that Earth's crust and upper mantle are broken into sections that move around on a plastic-like layer of the mantle
14. surface along which rocks break and move
15. spreading theory that magma from below Earth's crust is forced upward toward the surface at a mid-ocean ridge, flows from the cracks as the seafloor spreads apart and bcomes solid as it cools, forming new seafloor
16. scientist who studiesearthquakes and seismic waves
22. waves energy waves that are produced at and travel outward from the earthquake's focus
23. single large landmass made up of all the continents connected together that broke apart 200 million years ago