Sedative-Hypnotic Drugs

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Across
  1. 2. — High-potency benzodiazepine widely used for panic attacks due to rapid onset of action
  2. 3. — Non-benzodiazepine hypnotic that preserves REM sleep and causes minimal next-day sedation
  3. 5. — Short-acting benzodiazepine metabolized only by conjugation, suitable in elderly patients with insomnia
  4. 6. — Benzodiazepine effective in absence and myoclonic seizures due to strong anticonvulsant properties
  5. 9. — Hormone that improves circadian rhythm and helps taper long-term benzodiazepine use without CNS depression
  6. 10. — Hypnotic benzodiazepine known for prolonged next-day sedation from active metabolites
  7. 11. — Non-benzodiazepine hypnotic that enhances GABA activity and is notable for causing a metallic aftertaste
  8. 12. — OTC H1-antihistamine that causes sedation and contributes significantly to anticholinergic hangover effects
  9. 16. — Benzodiazepine administered as an inactive prodrug that undergoes rapid decarboxylation to an active form
  10. 17. — Ultra-short-acting benzodiazepine hypnotic frequently associated with severe anterograde amnesia and sleep-behaviour disturbances
  11. 18. — Hypnotic that decreases wakefulness by blocking both OX₁ and OX₂ orexin receptors
  12. 19. — Melatonin-receptor agonist that reduces sleep-onset time without altering sleep stages or causing rebound insomnia
Down
  1. 1. — Melatonin-system drug approved specifically for non-24-hour sleep–wake disorder in totally blind individuals
  2. 4. — Benzodiazepine used for acute agitation and procedural sedation due to its non-oxidative metabolism
  3. 6. — Long-acting benzodiazepine that is the primary drug for preventing alcohol-withdrawal delirium
  4. 7. — Water-soluble benzodiazepine used for procedural sedation that produces marked anterograde amnesia
  5. 8. — Very short-acting hypnotic that can be taken less than 4 hours before waking without morning hangover
  6. 13. — H1-blocking hypnotic with an 11–12-hour half-life, producing notable daytime hangover and residual sedation
  7. 14. — Short-acting benzodiazepine recommended in liver disease because it bypasses cytochrome P-450 metabolism
  8. 15. — Benzodiazepine used IV to terminate status epilepticus and also given as a pre-anaesthetic for muscle relaxation