Set 2

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Across
  1. 4. a covalent bond that links the carboxyl group of one amino acid to the amino group of another
  2. 5. The process by which a gene gets turned on in a cell to make RNA and proteins
  3. 7. a sequence of three DNA or RNA nucleotides that corresponds with a specific amino acid or stop signal during protein synthesis
  4. 10. one of the four nitrogenous bases found in RNA, pairing with adenine (A) and replacing thymine (T) in DNA, which is a pyrimidine derivative.
  5. 11. he basic physical and functional unit of heredity, a segment of DNA that codes for a specific trait or function, passed from parents to offspring.
  6. 12. a three-nucleotide sequence in a transfer RNA (tRNA) molecule that is complementary to a specific codon in messenger RNA (mRNA) during protein synthesis
  7. 13. a small RNA molecule that acts as an adaptor, carrying specific amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis
  8. 15. a type of RNA that, along with proteins, forms the structural and functional core of ribosomes
  9. 16. the process where a segment of DNA is used as a template to create a complementary RNA molecule, which carries the genetic information for protein synthesis
  10. 17. a genetic mutation caused by insertions or deletions of nucleotides in a DNA sequence that are not multiples of three
  11. 18. the process where a cell uses genetic information encoded in messenger RNA (mRNA) to synthesize proteins, following the sequence of codons (three-nucleotide sequences) on the mRNA to determine the order of amino acids in the protein.
Down
  1. 1. a single-stranded RNA molecule that carries genetic instructions from DNA to the ribosomes, where proteins are synthesized
  2. 2. organic compounds that serve as the building blocks of proteins.
  3. 3. type of sugar found in RNA
  4. 6. the process by which cells create proteins, essential for cellular structure, function, and regulation
  5. 8. A molecule made up of amino acids
  6. 9. a chain of amino acids linked together by peptide bonds, forming a fundamental building block of proteins
  7. 14. a genetic alteration where a single nucleotide base (A, T, C, or G) is changed, inserted, or deleted within a DNA or RNA sequence.