Across
- 3. Bias in which members of an outgroup are perceived as more similar to each other than they really are.
- 4. Prefix for the type of determinism in SCT that emphasizes the mutual influence between behavior and environment.
- 7. A key mechanism in Bandura's theory where learning occurs by observing others - models.
- 8. Term for a group to which a person psychologically identifies as being a member.
- 9. One's belief in one's ability to successfully accomplish a task.
- 11. In SCT, this is a necessary condition for learning through observation.
- 12. ________ reinforcement occurs when the frequency of certain behaviours increases as a result of observing others rewarded for the same behaviours.
- 18. A group that an individual does not belong to or identify with.
- 19. The ability to remember what one has observed, crucial for learning in Bandura's theory.
- 20. Learners must want to replicate the behaviour that they have observed.
Down
- 1. The process of classifying others into groups.
- 2. The process by which we incorporate the norms of our groups into our own self-concept.
- 5. Experimental paradigm used by Tajfel to demonstrate even arbitrary group distinctions can lead to ingroup favoritism.
- 6. This process in SIT explains how we differentiate our group from others.
- 10. This theory emphasizes the importance of observing, modeling, and imitating the behaviors, attitudes, and emotional reactions of others; forerunner of SCT.
- 13. Positive self-perception that can be enhanced by ingroup favoritism according to Tajfel.
- 14. Central concept in Tajfel's theory relating to how individuals see themselves in social contexts.
- 15. Learning method emphasized by Bandura, where individuals learn through watching others.
- 16. To reproduce an observed behaviour, observers must physically and/or mentally be able to carry out the behaviour.
- 17. Type of doll used in Bandura's experiment to demonstrate observational learning and aggression.