Across
- 1. There are multiple categories of joints: fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial. Within the synovial category there are many types of joints like the _______ joints. These are designed to allow movement up and down or forward and back. However, it limits rotations and is only used in bones with smooth surfaces against each other to allow movement across each other with minimal friction.
- 2. This bone is the main bone in your knee and is also known as the kneecap. It forms a hinge joint with the Tibia/Fibula and the Femur. It functions to be the home of the quadriceps and can take a lot of pressure.
- 4. The main purpose of the skeletal system is __________ the human body. If your skeletal system didn’t provide this, you would just be a lump of skin and muscle on the ground.
- 6. This bone runs parallel to the Tibia and is the smaller of the two. Its main function is to combine with the Tibia to provide stability to the ankle. It also forms a hinge joint with the Tibia, Patella, and Femur: and also forms a hinge joint with the Tibia and Tarsals.
- 7. This set of 7 bones on either hand are in between the Ulna/Radius and the metacarpals. The main function is to provide great movement and is in a gliding joint. It allows maximum movement for the hand and wrist.
- 11. Old age also tends to make bones ______ and they lose their density. This is very common with old age and over 23% of adults experience this. This causes a lot of pain and is not curable.
- 12. There is a type of tumor that begins in the cartilage inside bones and it is called ________. There is usually no pain or other symptoms and are usually only found by X-Ray. In most cases nothing happens, but in some rare occasions, it may weaken the bone enough to cause fractures. It is common in anyone ages 10-20 years old and is usually in the small bones of the hands.
- 13. This is found parallel to the Radius. The ______ along with the Radius help provide rotation to allow maximum movement of the wrist. It is part of a hinge joint and a gliding joint.
- 16. There are different sections of the spine and different types of vertebrae in each section. One of the types of vertebrae is the __________ vertebrae. These vertebrae serve to provide mobility and stability to the head. The first three vertebrae of this type are the most important because they determine how the neck moves as well as protecting the spinal cord.
- 17. The _________ is found between the Ulna/Radius and the Clavicle. It is a long bone and mainly functions to connect 13 muscles used for movement and to provide stability. It is also part of a ball-and-socket joint and a hinge joint.
- 20. The ______ bone is on the back of the head. It is considered a flat bone and functions to protect the brain. It is under the Cranium and in between the Temporal bones.
- 22. These along with the Carpals and Phalanges serve for flexion and extensive movement which allows for a strong grip and precise motion. These also mainly serve to connect the Phalanges to the Carpal bones. These are the main bones in your palm and back of your hand.
- 23. There are a lot of fragile organs within the rib cage area that if damaged would destroy the homeostasis in your body. That is why your skeletal system ________ soft, fragile, inner organs.
- 25. There is a joint where concave and convex surfaces meet, and it is called ________ joints. These allow movement forward, backward, and side to side. They are found in places like your fingers and thumb.
- 27. This bone is in-between both eye sockets and below the frontal bone. This serves to protect arteries and nerves from damage.
- 29. The _______ is a bunch of bones in the top of your foot. It functions with the metatarsals for movement and to form a shape fit for dealing with weight. They also form a hinge joint with the Tibia/ Fibula.
- 30. This is found collateral to the Ulna. It along with the Ulna help provide maximum rotation for the most movement possible for the wrist. It is part of a hinge joint and a gliding joint.
- 31. As the human body ages, it’s bones are susceptible to many more diseases than when the body is younger. One of the more common diseases is _____________. This disease causes the bones to become weak and brittle, which can lead to the bones getting fractured more often, and less strength to do mundane tasks.
Down
- 1. The human body has a lot of functions it needs to pertain homeostasis. The heart pumps blood through the body to get oxygen and other minerals to the rest of the body. But, where do the red blood cells come from? Red blood cells are produced by the skeletal system in a process called ___________. These cells are then transported to the lungs to get oxidized, then to the heart to get pumped to the rest of the body.
- 3. When the human body gets old it’s _________ get thinner and the bones start rubbing against each other. When this happens it causes a lot of pain and is called arthritis. This is very common in adults after age 40.
- 5. These bones are what your fingers consist of. They are a series of hinge joints that provide very strong support and function to grip. They connect to the metacarpals and with the carpal bones make your hand and wrist.
- 7. This bone is part of the tarsals and is the largest bone in the foot. The main function is to allow the other bones in the foot to aid in activities like walking or running. It is also mainly referred to as the heel.
- 8. There is a different part of your spine which consists of your _________ vertebrae. These vertebrae function to hold the rib cage and protect vital organs. They start from your Clavicle and end at the first lumbar vertebrae.
- 9. This is the longest bone in your body and is obviously a long bone. It is the strongest bone in your body and can handle the most pressure/weight. It functions to hold 23 muscles and to lift heavy objects. Other than the shoulder area, the _______ is the other main location of a ball-and-socket joint. It is also above the Tibia/Fibula and creates a hinge joint with them and the Patella.
- 10. The skeletal system is needed in many ways, but they are still susceptible to diseases and types of _________. _________ is when the cells in a particular organ, or in this case bone tissue, start to multiply due to a flaw in a cell’s homeostasis. They multiply faster than normal cells and deprive the normal cells of nutrients. But due to them being made from your cells, the white blood cells in your body can not detect the _______ cells until it is too late to destroy them.
- 14. This bone is the lower half of the jaw. Its function is to move up and down to chew food or other substances and to hold a bottom layer of teeth. It is located inferior to the maxilla.
- 15. These vertebrae start at the end of the thoracic vertebrae and end when the sacrum starts. It functions to support the top half of the spine and to deal with your main body weight. These take the most stress from lifting heavy objects so when people say,”Lift with your legs not your back,” they are referring to these vertebrae.
- 18. The skeletal system is, in many ways, very important to maintain __________. It helps maintain this by giving support, providing shape and protection, helping provide movement, and storage of minerals and fats. Short story short, if the bones in your body didn’t provide any of these, you would die, and ______________ would be completely destroyed.
- 19. This bone runs parallel to the Fibula and is the bigger of the two. It functions to bear the most weight in the body and weight load. It is a long bone and forms a hinge joint with the Fibula, Patella, and Femur. It also forms a hinge joint at the ankle with the tarsals.
- 21. There are other types of synovial joints like the ____________ joint. This is used for the greatest amount of movement. For this joint, one end of a bone is shaped like a ball and the other is hollow. The main places for this joint are in the shoulder and the hip joints to allow maximum movement.
- 24. These bones are in your feet and function with the tarsals to make a good shape of the foot to deal with weight. They help form a good arch shape and it is their main function in the foot.
- 26. This bone is the upper half of the jaw and is superior to the mandible. The ________ functions with the mandible to chew up food and performs the same actions as the mandible, not to mention it holds the upper teeth.
- 28. Your body needs a lot of minerals and fats to maintain homeostasis. The body needs somewhere to ________ these minerals; which is where the skeletal system comes into play. Your bones keep and release minerals like calcium and phosphorus that are stored in the bone matrix; fats are also kept in the bones within the yellow marrow.