Sociological Theory

2. The study of how knowledge is constructed and validated
3. Internalised dispositions shaping behaviour, rooted in class background (Bourdieu)
5. A macro approach analysing how social structures determine behaviour
6. A conflict theory that sees capitalism as the root of class inequality
11. A grand overarching theory that claims to explain all of society (Lyotard)
13. Turning social relationships or labour into items for market exchange
14. The breakdown of traditional identities leading to self-made identities (Beck)
15. A scientific approach favouring statistics and objective measurement
16. A system of language and power defining what can be said or thought (Foucault)

1. A conflict perspective focused on patriarchy and gender inequality
4. The strategic pursuit of self-interest, especially in education or politics
7. A view that power in society is spread across competing groups
8. A perspective studying how individuals construct reality through experience
9. The belief that human behaviour is shaped by external social forces
10. A consensus theory viewing society as a system of interdependent parts
12. A methodological stance prioritising meaning, agency and qualitative insight