Sociology

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Across
  1. 2. The principle that a theory must be testable and capable of being disproved
  2. 7. A shift in gender roles and expectations, especially among young people
  3. 9. Marxist who studied working-class boys resisting school through anti-school subcultures
  4. 10. CURRICULUM The informal learning of values, norms, and attitudes in school, not part of the official curriculum
  5. 13. THEORY A perspective that looks at large-scale social structures
  6. 14. The practice of dividing pupils into ability groups for all subjects
  7. 16. CAPITAL Bourdieu’s concept describing the values, habits, and knowledge passed on by middle-class families that benefit students in education
  8. 17. Defining a concept so it can be measured in sociological research
  9. 18. THEORY A perspective that examines small-scale social interactions
  10. 19. PROPHECY When a student internalises a label and begins to act accordingly
  11. 20. Found black girls resisted teacher racism through independent strategies
  12. 21. Argues that schools operate institutional racism through assessments and expectations
  13. 24. REALISM Conservative view that focuses on tough policing and individual responsibility
  14. 27. Feminist who criticised the idea of symmetrical families and gender role socialisation
  15. 30. CHILDHOOD Term used to describe how modern society damages children’s development
  16. 31. AND GINTIS Claimed schools mirror the workplace and reinforce capitalist values
  17. 34. The interconnectedness of social categories like class, race, and gender
  18. 36. A social system where men hold primary power over women
  19. 38. DEPRIVATION Feeling disadvantaged by comparison to others, even if basic needs are met
  20. 39. CRIME Non-violent crime committed by professionals in their workplace
  21. 40. Durkheim’s term for a breakdown of norms leading to confusion and deviance
  22. 42. CURRICULUM A curriculum that prioritises the culture and history of the dominant ethnic group
  23. 44. WINDOWS THEORY The idea that minor disorder leads to more serious crime if unchecked
  24. 45. Interactionist who introduced the idea of the ideal pupil and teacher labelling
  25. 48. Marxist who argued that the family supports capitalism through unpaid domestic labour
  26. 50. FAMILY A family where roles of men and women are more equal
  27. 51. Argued that education acts as a bridge between family and wider society
Down
  1. 1. Turning education into a marketplace to increase standards through competition
  2. 3. A sociological approach that focuses on understanding the meanings behind actions
  3. 4. REALISM Perspective focusing on crime’s real effects on working-class victims and inequality
  4. 5. RACISM Systemic bias embedded in the practices of organisations like schools or police
  5. 6. A system in which parental choice drives education rather than ability or equality
  6. 8. A group with norms and values that differ from mainstream society
  7. 11. A sociological approach that uses scientific methods to study society
  8. 12. AMPLIFICATION When societal reactions to deviance lead to an increase in deviance
  9. 14. Found that girls’ aspirations shifted from marriage to careers over time
  10. 15. PANIC Media-fuelled public anxiety about deviance or crime
  11. 18. A system where status and success are based on individual talent and effort
  12. 22. The process by which teachers classify students based on assumptions, often influenced by stereotypes
  13. 23. Using more than one research method to improve validity
  14. 24. CHOICE THEORY Theory that people weigh up the pros and cons before choosing to commit a crime
  15. 25. FAMILY A postmodern concept of the family based on equality and choice
  16. 26. Weber’s concept of understanding social action through empathy
  17. 28. FREEDOM The idea that research should be unbiased and objective
  18. 29. Developed strain theory and five types of individual response to anomie
  19. 32. A social shift where children’s needs are prioritised more than in the past
  20. 33. CRIME Illegal acts by companies or their employees for organisational gain
  21. 35. CRIME Crimes committed by or with the approval of government agencies
  22. 37. EDUCATION Government programs aimed at reducing educational inequality
  23. 41. DEVILS Groups labelled by the media as threats to social order
  24. 43. Saw crime as functional, inevitable, and reinforcing social norms
  25. 46. Studied the effects of streaming and found it reinforced class differences
  26. 47. MONOGAMY Having several long-term relationships one after another
  27. 49. Left realist who linked crime to relative deprivation and marginalisation