Sociology

5. A violation of a norm that has been codified into law.
7. An approach to punishment that attempts to reform criminals as part of their penalty.
9. The systematic scientific study of crime, criminals, and criminal justice.
10. An approach to punishment that relies on the threat of harsh penalties to discourage people from committing crimes.
13. Individuals who accept society's approved goals but not society's approved means to achieve them.
14. Individuals who renounce society's approved goals and means entirely and live outside conventional norms altogether.
15. Presenting yourself as a member of a different group than the stigmatized group to which you belong.
16. The use of electronic media (web pages, social networking sites, e-mail, Twitter, cell phones) to tease, harass, threaten, or humiliate someone.
17. Crime committed via the Internet, including identity theft, embezzlement, fraud, sexual predation, and financial scams.

1. Process by which an individual self-identifies as deviant and initiates their own labeling process.
2. The death penalty.
3. Crime that does not involve violence, including burglary, larceny-theft, motor vehicle theft, and arson.
4. According to Howard Becker, those labeled deviant and subsequently segregated from "normal" society.
6. Individuals who have given up hope of achieving society's approved goals but still operate according to society's approved means.
8. A behavior, trait, belief, or other characteristic that violates a norm and causes a negative reaction.
11. An approach to punishment that emphasizes retaliation or revenge for the crime as the appropriate goal.
12. Erving Goffman's term for any physical or social attribute that devalues a person or group's identity and that may exclude those who are devalued from normal social interaction.
15. Deviance In labeling theory, the initial act or attitude that causes on to be labeled deviant.