Across
- 1. behavior that departs from societal or group norms
- 3. a repetition of, or return to, cirminal behavior
- 6. rewards or punishments that encourage conformity to social norms
- 7. only occasional breaking of norms
- 8. behavior that underconforms to accepted norms
- 12. deviance that becomes a lifestyle and part of an individual’s identity
- 14. the theory that deviance is more likely to occur when a gap exists between cultural goals and the ability to achieve them
- 17. an act commited in violation of the law
- 19. process of reducing seriousness of the crimes that injure people of lower status
- 20. the process of changing or reforming a criminal through socialization
- 22. the theory that individuals learn deviance in proportion to the number of deviant acts and norms to which they are exposed
- 24. the theory that society creates deviance by identifying particular members as deviant
Down
- 2. system comprising institutions and processes responsible for enforcing criminal statuses
- 4. behavior that overconforms to social expectations
- 5. Job-related crimes commited by high-status people
- 9. a method of protecting society from criminals by keeping them in prison
- 10. the theory that compliance with social norms requites strong bonds between individuals and society
- 11. ways to encourage conformity to society’s norms
- 13. discouraging criminal acts by threatening punishment
- 15. a person who breaks significant societal or group norms
- 16. an undesirable label used to deny a deviant acceptance
- 18. punishment intended to make cirminals pay compensation for their acts
- 21. a social condition in which norms are weak, conflicting or absent
- 23. punishment intended to make criminals pay monetary compensation to make up for the finacial damage caused by their acts.