Across
- 1. located in some parts of present-day Mauritania and Mali.
- 4. Early Mesoamerican civilization known for colossal stone heads.
- 6. Period of cultural and artistic rebirth in Europe.
- 7. Italian city considered the birthplace of the Renaissance.
- 8. referring to social cohesion or group solidarity.
- 9. scholar who pioneered the concept of asabiyyah in his historical writings.
- 11. Intellectual movement emphasizing human potential and achievements over religious doctrine.
Down
- 2. Indigenous civilization of the Valley of Mexico, famed for its capital city Tenochtitlan.
- 3. A vast domain/kingdom ruled by an emperor or empress.
- 5. It was the largest empire ever seen in the continent, stretching from Peru to Ecuador and Chile
- 8. Mesopotamian civilization credited with establishing the first empire in the world.
- 10. an empire located in present-day Ethiopia, Eritrea and parts of Sudan.
- 12. This civilization consisted of independent city-states like Tikal, Copán, Palenque, Uxmal, and Chichén Itzá