Across
- 6. A landmark decision of the U.S. Supreme Court in which the Court ruled that U.S. state laws establishing racial segregation in public schools are unconstitutional.
- 9. A strategic foreign policy held by the United States in preventing the spread of communism abroad.
- 11. A term coined in World War I to describe the type of post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) many soldiers were afflicted with during the war.
- 15. The amendment that granted citizens the right to vote directly for their senators rather than the state legislature.
- 18. Mainly came from southern and eastern Europe; generally poor, uneducated, and unskilled.
- 20. A legal arrangement with regard to agricultural land in which a landowner allows a tenant to use the land in return for a share of the crops produced on that land.
- 21. State and local laws that enforced racial segregation in the Southern United States.
- 23. A military alliance formed by Western European powers, the United States, and Canada to defend against the common threat posed by the Soviet Union.
- 24. A period of ideological and geopolitical tension between the United States and the Soviet Union, as well as their respective allies.
- 25. A radical labor union comprised of both skilled and unskilled workers; advocated industrial sabotage in defense of forming a single large union; and led several major strikes.
- 27. A labor organization comprised of both skilled and unskilled workers that advocated for eight-hour workdays and hoped to establish a cooperative society in which laborers owned the industries in which they worked.
- 29. A long, costly, and polarizing conflict that pitted North Vietnam's communist government against South Vietnam and its main ally, the United States.
- 30. The amendment granting Congress the jurisdiction to levy taxes without regard for state apportionment or the census.
- 31. A surprise attack on a United States Naval Base by the Imperial Japanese Navy drew the US into WWII, effectively ending the country's isolationist policy.
- 36. A monetary system that allows the unrestricted use of two metals (e.g., gold and silver) as legal tender at a fixed ratio to each other.
- 37. A period of widespread social activism and political reform across the United States that spanned the 1890s to 1920s.
- 38. A loose organization composed of skilled laborers that focused on "bread and butter" issues (e.g., higher wages, shorter hours, better working conditions).
- 39. A policy or ideology aimed at extending rule over peoples and other countries in order to gain greater political and economic access, power, and control.
- 40. A type of foreign policy institutionalized by leaders who believe that keeping other countries' affairs at a distance serves their nation's best interests.
- 42. A mechanism by which one company transfers control of its operations to another company through ownership of its stock.
Down
- 1. A period during which white supremacist terrorism and racial riots erupted in over a dozen cities across the United States.
- 2. A policy in which a nation forces or encourages a subject people to adopt its institutions and customs.
- 3. A massacre of nearly three hundred Lakota people by soldiers of the United States Army.
- 4. The consolidation of two or more stages of production that would normally be run by separate companies into a single company.
- 5. A generation of young Western women in the 1920s who embraced the counterculture; pushed for economic, political, and sexual liberation for women.
- 7. A research and development undertaking by the United States during World War II that produced the first nuclear weapons.
- 8. The social and evolutionist theory that individuals, groups, and peoples are subject to the same Darwinian laws of natural selection as plants and animals.
- 10. An American foreign policy with the primary goal of containing Soviet geopolitical expansion during the Cold War.
- 12. An economic system in which transactions between private groups of people are free of, or nearly free of, economic interventionism such as regulation.
- 13. Mainly came from northern and western Europe; generally wealthy, educated, and skilled.
- 14. The process by which a company increases its output of goods or services at the same stage of the supply chain.
- 16. A U.S. program providing aid to western European countries following the devastation of World War II.
- 17. An era of corruption, conspicuous consumption, rapid economic growth, and unfettered capitalism during the late 19th century.
- 19. Authorized the U.S. military to bar "any or all persons" from areas of the U.S. designated as "military areas"; intended to remove (and eventually used to imprison) Japanese aliens and American citizens of Japanese descent.
- 22. A term generally used to refer to the post-World War I generation.
- 26. In the long Plains Indian War, this was the most decisive Native American victory and the worst U.S. Army defeat.
- 28. The amendment that granted women the right to vote (suffrage).
- 32. An international diplomatic group developed after World War I as a way to solve disputes between countries before they erupted into open warfare.
- 33. A series of domestic programs, financial reforms, and regulations enacted by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in the United States between 1933 and 1939.
- 34. A political and economic arrangement/ideology that seeks to replace private ownership of major means of production with communal control.
- 35. A spiritual movement that arose among Western American Indians; the movement was believed to have contributed to Lakota resistance to assimilation under the Dawes Act.
- 41. The amendment that made the production, transportation, and sale of alcoholic and intoxicating beverages illegal (prohibition).